Biomaterial Database

Mast cells and cell-to-cell interactions in airways. 1991

W M Gold, and S C Lazarus

Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0130.

Dog mastocytomas (anatomic and biochemical features comparable to normal dog and human mast cells) were used to study actions of mast cell mediators on several airway effector systems. We showed mastocytoma cell adherence to both cultured tracheal epithelial cells and tracheal tissue sections for greater than 48 h that was abolished completely by pretreatment of mast cells with proteases. This mast cell-epithelial cell adhesion-interaction reaction is probably mediated by a mast cell plasma membrane protein. Mast cell mediators stimulate short circuit current and ion flux across dog tracheal epithelia mounted in Ussing chambers. Pretreatment of epithelia with indomethacin blocks this effect, probably by inhibiting LTC4-induced activation of epithelial cyclooxygenases. Mastocytoma cells also increase secretion from cultured serous submucosal gland cells. Blockade of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways in mastocytoma cells activated by calcium ionophore does not alter secretion of the serous cells induced by mastocytoma supernatant, but secretion induced by mastocytoma supernatant or purified mast cell chymase is markedly reduced by an inhibitor of chymase. These results suggest that mast cells can alter airway secretions not only by actions on ion flux in epithelial cells but also by actions on submucosal gland secretion; this latter action appears to be mediated by mast cell chymase. Finally, supernatants from mastocytoma cells stimulated by calcium ionophore greatly increase the sensitivity and magnitude of the contractile response of dog bronchial smooth muscle to histamine. These effects are blocked by an inhibitor of mast cell tryptase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008407	Mast Cells	Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.	Basophils, Tissue,Basophil, Tissue,Cell, Mast,Cells, Mast,Mast Cell,Tissue Basophil,Tissue Basophils
D002450	Cell Communication	Any of several ways in which living cells of an organism communicate with one another, whether by direct contact between cells or by means of chemical signals carried by neurotransmitter substances, hormones, and cyclic AMP.	Cell Interaction,Cell-to-Cell Interaction,Cell Communications,Cell Interactions,Cell to Cell Interaction,Cell-to-Cell Interactions,Communication, Cell,Communications, Cell,Interaction, Cell,Interaction, Cell-to-Cell,Interactions, Cell,Interactions, Cell-to-Cell
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D004848	Epithelium	The layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS which cover the inner and outer surfaces of the cutaneous, mucus, and serous tissues and glands of the body.	Mesothelium,Epithelial Tissue,Mesothelial Tissue,Epithelial Tissues,Mesothelial Tissues,Tissue, Epithelial,Tissue, Mesothelial,Tissues, Epithelial,Tissues, Mesothelial
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012515	Mast-Cell Sarcoma	A unifocal malignant tumor that consists of atypical pathological MAST CELLS without systemic involvement. It causes local destructive growth in organs other than in skin or bone marrow.	Mastocytoma, Malignant,Sarcoma, Mast-Cell,Malignant Mastocytoma,Malignant Mastocytomas,Mast Cell Sarcoma,Mast-Cell Sarcomas,Mastocytomas, Malignant,Sarcoma, Mast Cell,Sarcomas, Mast-Cell
D014132	Trachea	The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi.	Tracheas
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In