[Veterinary medicine and molecular biology: possibilities and limits of virus detection]. 1991

U Pauli, and R Zanoni, and C Hertig, and E Peterhans
Institut für Veterinär-Virologie, Universität Bern.

In the last years molecular biology has gained more and more influence in veterinary medicine, e.g. in animal breeding. In addition, methods of molecular biology may open new areas in the diagnosis of viral diseases, because they are fast and very sensitive. The following article displays an overview of molecular biological techniques that are currently in use for virus detection. In addition, the limits of these methods are discussed. In particular, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is described in some detail. Since this method has a considerable impact on the progress in molecular biology, it may as well be of importance for the detection of viruses. The potential of PCR in virus detection is illustrated using sheep and goat lentivirus and Bovine Viral Diarrhea/Mucosal Disease virus.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D004279 DNA, Viral Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral DNA
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012367 RNA, Viral Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral RNA
D014777 Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses. Viral Diseases,Viral Infections,Virus Infections,Disease, Viral,Disease, Virus,Diseases, Viral,Diseases, Virus,Infection, Viral,Infection, Virus,Infections, Viral,Infections, Virus,Viral Disease,Viral Infection,Virus Disease,Virus Infection
D014780 Viruses Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells. Animal Viruses,Zoophaginae,Animal Virus,Virus,Virus, Animal,Viruses, Animal
D016133 Polymerase Chain Reaction In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships. Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain

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