| D006152 |
Cyclic GMP |
Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) |
Guanosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,GMP, Cyclic,Guanosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic |
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| D006801 |
Humans |
Members of the species Homo sapiens. |
Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man |
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| D000242 |
Cyclic AMP |
An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH. |
Adenosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,Cyclic AMP, (R)-Isomer,Cyclic AMP, Disodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monoammonium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monopotassium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monosodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Sodium Salt,3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic,AMP, Cyclic,Adenosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic |
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| D000818 |
Animals |
Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. |
Animal,Metazoa,Animalia |
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| D015398 |
Signal Transduction |
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. |
Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal |
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| D051379 |
Mice |
The common name for the genus Mus. |
Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus |
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| D053447 |
Channelopathies |
A variety of neuromuscular conditions resulting from MUTATIONS in ION CHANNELS manifesting as episodes of EPILEPSY; HEADACHE DISORDERS; and DYSKINESIAS. |
Channelopathy |
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| D054815 |
Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels |
A subgroup of cyclic nucleotide-regulated ION CHANNELS within the superfamily of pore-loop cation channels. They are expressed in OLFACTORY NERVE cilia and in PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS and some PLANTS. |
Cyclic-Nucleotide Gated Ion Channels,CNG Channel (Rod),Cationic Channel Protein (Rod),Cng Cation Channel,Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channel,Cyclic-Nucleotide Gated Channel,Cation Channel, Cng,Channel, Cng Cation,Channel, Cyclic-Nucleotide Gated,Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Cation Channel,Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Cation Channels,Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Channel,Cyclic Nucleotide Gated Ion Channels,Gated Channel, Cyclic-Nucleotide |
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| D017948 |
Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells |
Photosensitive afferent neurons located in the peripheral retina, with their density increases radially away from the FOVEA CENTRALIS. Being much more sensitive to light than the RETINAL CONE CELLS, the rod cells are responsible for twilight vision (at scotopic intensities) as well as peripheral vision, but provide no color discrimination. |
Photoreceptors, Rod,Retinal Rod Cells,Rod Photoreceptors,Rods (Retina),Retinal Rod,Retinal Rod Cell,Retinal Rod Photoreceptor,Retinal Rod Photoreceptors,Rod Photoreceptor Cells,Cell, Retinal Rod,Cell, Rod Photoreceptor,Cells, Retinal Rod,Cells, Rod Photoreceptor,Photoreceptor Cell, Rod,Photoreceptor Cells, Rod,Photoreceptor, Retinal Rod,Photoreceptor, Rod,Photoreceptors, Retinal Rod,Retinal Rods,Rod (Retina),Rod Cell, Retinal,Rod Cells, Retinal,Rod Photoreceptor,Rod Photoreceptor Cell,Rod Photoreceptor, Retinal,Rod Photoreceptors, Retinal,Rod, Retinal,Rods, Retinal |
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| D017949 |
Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells |
Photosensitive afferent neurons located primarily within the FOVEA CENTRALIS of the MACULA LUTEA. There are three major types of cone cells (red, blue, and green) whose photopigments have different spectral sensitivity curves. Retinal cone cells operate in daylight vision (at photopic intensities) providing color recognition and central visual acuity. |
Cone Photoreceptors,Cones (Retina),Cone Photoreceptor Cells,Photoreceptors, Cone,Retinal Cone,Retinal Cone Cells,Retinal Cone Photoreceptors,Cell, Cone Photoreceptor,Cell, Retinal Cone,Cells, Cone Photoreceptor,Cells, Retinal Cone,Cone (Retina),Cone Cell, Retinal,Cone Cells, Retinal,Cone Photoreceptor,Cone Photoreceptor Cell,Cone Photoreceptor, Retinal,Cone Photoreceptors, Retinal,Cone, Retinal,Cones, Retinal,Photoreceptor Cell, Cone,Photoreceptor Cells, Cone,Photoreceptor, Cone,Photoreceptor, Retinal Cone,Photoreceptors, Retinal Cone,Retinal Cone Cell,Retinal Cone Photoreceptor,Retinal Cones |
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