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Mechanism of allosteric inhibition of N-acetyl-L-glutamate synthase by L-arginine. 2009

Li Min, and Zhongmin Jin, and Ljubica Caldovic, and Hiroki Morizono, and Norma M Allewell, and Mendel Tuchman, and Dashuang Shi
Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20010, USA.

N-Acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) catalyzes the first committed step in l-arginine biosynthesis in plants and micro-organisms and is subject to feedback inhibition by l-arginine. This study compares the crystal structures of NAGS from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ngNAGS) in the inactive T-state with l-arginine bound and in the active R-state complexed with CoA and l-glutamate. Under all of the conditions examined, the enzyme consists of two stacked trimers. Each monomer has two domains: an amino acid kinase (AAK) domain with an AAK-like fold but lacking kinase activity and an N-acetyltransferase (NAT) domain homologous to other GCN5-related transferases. Binding of l-arginine to the AAK domain induces a global conformational change that increases the diameter of the hexamer by approximately 10 A and decreases its height by approximately 20A(.) AAK dimers move 5A outward along their 2-fold axes, and their tilt relative to the plane of the hexamer decreases by approximately 4 degrees . The NAT domains rotate approximately 109 degrees relative to AAK domains enabling new interdomain interactions. Interactions between AAK and NAT domains on different subunits also change. Local motions of several loops at the l-arginine-binding site enable the protein to close around the bound ligand, whereas several loops at the NAT active site become disordered, markedly reducing enzymatic specific activity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009344 Neisseria gonorrhoeae A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria primarily found in purulent venereal discharges. It is the causative agent of GONORRHEA. Diplococcus gonorrhoeae,Gonococcus,Gonococcus neisseri,Merismopedia gonorrhoeae,Micrococcus der gonorrhoe,Micrococcus gonococcus,Micrococcus gonorrhoeae
D000494 Allosteric Regulation The modification of the reactivity of ENZYMES by the binding of effectors to sites (ALLOSTERIC SITES) on the enzymes other than the substrate BINDING SITES. Regulation, Allosteric,Allosteric Regulations,Regulations, Allosteric
D001120 Arginine An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. Arginine Hydrochloride,Arginine, L-Isomer,DL-Arginine Acetate, Monohydrate,L-Arginine,Arginine, L Isomer,DL Arginine Acetate, Monohydrate,Hydrochloride, Arginine,L Arginine,L-Isomer Arginine,Monohydrate DL-Arginine Acetate
D001426 Bacterial Proteins Proteins found in any species of bacterium. Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D017433 Protein Structure, Secondary The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to ALPHA-HELICES; BETA-STRANDS (which align to form BETA-SHEETS), or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation. Secondary Protein Structure,Protein Structures, Secondary,Secondary Protein Structures,Structure, Secondary Protein,Structures, Secondary Protein
D017434 Protein Structure, Tertiary The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (ALPHA HELICES; BETA SHEETS; loop regions, and AMINO ACID MOTIFS) pack together to form folded shapes. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Tertiary Protein Structure,Protein Structures, Tertiary,Tertiary Protein Structures
D051046 Amino-Acid N-Acetyltransferase A mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of L-GLUTAMATE to N-acetyl-L-glutamate in the presence of ACETYL-COA. Acetyl CoA Glutamate N-Acetyltransferase,Acetyl Coenzyme A Glutamate N-Acetyltransferase,Amino Acid Acetyltransferase,Amino-Acid Acetyltransferase,N-Acetyl-L-Glutamate Synthetase,N-Acetylglutamate Synthase,N-Acetylglutamate Synthetase,Acetyl CoA Glutamate N Acetyltransferase,Acetyl Coenzyme A Glutamate N Acetyltransferase,Acetyltransferase, Amino Acid,Acetyltransferase, Amino-Acid,Acid Acetyltransferase, Amino,Amino Acid N Acetyltransferase,N Acetyl L Glutamate Synthetase,N Acetylglutamate Synthase,N Acetylglutamate Synthetase,N-Acetyltransferase, Amino-Acid,Synthase, N-Acetylglutamate,Synthetase, N-Acetyl-L-Glutamate,Synthetase, N-Acetylglutamate
D018360 Crystallography, X-Ray The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) X-Ray Crystallography,Crystallography, X Ray,Crystallography, Xray,X Ray Crystallography,Xray Crystallography,Crystallographies, X Ray,X Ray Crystallographies
D019281 Dimerization The process by which two molecules of the same chemical composition form a condensation product or polymer. Dimerizations
D020836 Protein Structure, Quaternary The characteristic 3-dimensional shape and arrangement of multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain). Quaternary Protein Structure,Protein Structures, Quaternary,Quaternary Protein Structures

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