Antineoplastic chemotherapy describes a group of hazardous drugs commonly used in the treatment of cancer. Since the discovery of their presence in nurses and pharmacists more than 2 decades ago, numerous studies have reported on the short- and long-term consequences of exposure. Guidelines describing proper equipment and procedures have been established in an effort to eliminate or minimize environmental and biologic exposure. Nursing compliance, however, has been variable. This article describes the dangers of exposure, how it occurs, and steps to keep nurses safe while working with these hazardous drugs.