Biomaterial Database

A clinical guide to endodontics - update part 1. 2009

P V Carrotte

Unit of Adult Dental Care, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow. peter.carrotte@gmail.com

This is the first of two opinion papers that aim to provide a review of changes and developments that have occurred within the field of root canal treatment for both permanent and primary teeth since the publication in 2004 of the BDJ's textbook A clinical guide to endodontics. This, the first part, considers the changes in thinking and practice that have occurred with regard to the treatment of permanent teeth, in particular the continued significant move toward the use of nickel titanium rotary instruments. Knowledge of the changes discussed in this paper is essential both for the best possible prognosis of treatment, and when obtaining informed or valid consent to treatment.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008853	Microscopy	The use of instrumentation and techniques for visualizing material and details that cannot be seen by the unaided eye. It is usually done by enlarging images, transmitted by light or electron beams, with optical or magnetic lenses that magnify the entire image field. With scanning microscopy, images are generated by collecting output from the specimen in a point-by-point fashion, on a magnified scale, as it is scanned by a narrow beam of light or electrons, a laser, a conductive probe, or a topographical probe.	Compound Microscopy,Hand-Held Microscopy,Light Microscopy,Optical Microscopy,Simple Microscopy,Hand Held Microscopy,Microscopy, Compound,Microscopy, Hand-Held,Microscopy, Light,Microscopy, Optical,Microscopy, Simple
D009532	Nickel	A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.
D010087	Oxides	Binary compounds of oxygen containing the anion O(2-). The anion combines with metals to form alkaline oxides and non-metals to form acidic oxides.	Oxide
D003722	Dental Alloys	A mixture of metallic elements or compounds with other metallic or metalloid elements in varying proportions for use in restorative or prosthetic dentistry.	Alloy, Dental,Alloys, Dental,Dental Alloy
D003762	Dental Instruments	Hand-held tools or implements especially used by dental professionals for the performance of clinical tasks.	Instrument, Dental,Dental Instrument,Instruments, Dental
D004338	Drug Combinations	Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.	Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012184	Retrograde Obturation	Procedure that involves the removal of infectious products from a root canal space through use of special instruments and fillings. This procedure is performed when root canal treatment fails.	Obturation, Retrograde,Obturations, Retrograde,Retrograde Obturations
D012387	Root Canal Filling Materials	Materials placed inside a root canal for the purpose of obturating or sealing it. The materials may be gutta-percha, silver cones, paste mixtures, or other substances. (Dorland, 28th ed, p631 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p187)	Root Canal Filling Material,Root Canal Sealants,Sealants, Root Canal,Canal Sealant, Root,Canal Sealants, Root,Root Canal Sealant,Sealant, Root Canal
D012388	Root Canal Irrigants	Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.	Root Canal Irrigant,Root Canal Medicament,Root Canal Medicaments,Canal Irrigant, Root,Canal Irrigants, Root,Canal Medicament, Root,Canal Medicaments, Root,Irrigant, Root Canal,Irrigants, Root Canal,Medicament, Root Canal,Medicaments, Root Canal