Studies on the Salvador I strain of Plasmodium vivax in non-human primates and anopheline mosquitoes. 2009

William E Collins, and Joann S Sullivan, and Elizabeth Strobert, and G Gale Galland, and Allison Williams, and Douglas Nace, and Tyrone Williams, and John W Barnwell
Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector Borne and Enteric Diseases, Geographic Medicine and Health Promotion and Animal Resources Branches, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. wec1@cdc.gov

A review is presented on studies conducted in New World monkeys and chimpanzees with the Salvador I strain of Plasmodium vivax. This isolate has been adapted to Aotus and Saimiri (squirrel) monkeys and developed as a model for the testing of antimalarial vaccines. After the injection of 10,000 sporozoites, the median prepatent period in S. boliviensis monkeys was 21.5 days. In 103 sporozoite-induced infections in splenectomized monkeys, the median maximum parasite count ranged from 2,139 to 202,368/microL, with a median maximum parasite count of 48,174/microL. Median maximum parasite counts in Aotus lemurinus griseimembra, A. nancymaae, A. azarae boliviensis, and A. vociferans monkeys were 19,902, 18,390, 21,420, and 18,210/microL, respectively and ranged from 124 to 156,000/microL. Mosquito infections were readily obtained in different species of Anopheles mosquitoes. The S. boliviensis monkey and Salvador I strain seems suitable for the testing of sporozoite and liver stage vaccines but not for blood-stage vaccines against P. vivax unless adapted further in spleen-intact Saimiri boliviensis monkeys.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D010966 Plasmodium vivax A protozoan parasite that causes vivax malaria (MALARIA, VIVAX). This species is found almost everywhere malaria is endemic and is the only one that has a range extending into the temperate regions. Plasmodium vivaxs,vivax, Plasmodium
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000852 Anopheles A genus of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) that are known vectors of MALARIA. Anopheles gambiae
D012453 Saimiri A genus of the family CEBIDAE consisting of four species: S. boliviensis, S. orstedii (red-backed squirrel monkey), S. sciureus (common squirrel monkey), and S. ustus. They inhabit tropical rain forests in Central and South America. S. sciureus is used extensively in research studies. Monkey, Squirrel,Squirrel Monkey,Monkeys, Squirrel,Saimirus,Squirrel Monkeys
D016645 Aotidae A family of the New World monkeys inhabiting the forests of South and Central America. There is a single genus (Aotus) and several species occurring in this family, including AOTUS TRIVIRGATUS (Northern night monkeys). Aotus,Douroucouli,Monkey, Night,Monkey, Owl,Night Monkey,Owl Monkey,Aotinae,Night Monkeys,Owl Monkeys
D016780 Malaria, Vivax Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM VIVAX. This form of malaria is less severe than MALARIA, FALCIPARUM, but there is a higher probability for relapses to occur. Febrile paroxysms often occur every other day. Plasmodium vivax Malaria,Malaria, Plasmodium vivax,Vivax Malaria
D017780 Malaria Vaccines Vaccines made from antigens arising from any of the four strains of Plasmodium which cause malaria in humans, or from P. berghei which causes malaria in rodents. Malaria Vaccine,Malarial Vaccine,Malarial Vaccines,Vaccine, Malaria,Vaccine, Malarial,Vaccines, Malaria,Vaccines, Malarial

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