[Visual-manual tracking and vestibular function during 7-day dry immersion]. 2008

L N Kornilova, and I A Naumov, and A Iu Mazurenko, and I B Kozlovskaia

The seven-day DI experiment provided an opportunity to study the effects of decreased proprioceptive, tactile and support afferentation on the vestibular function and visual-manual tracking. Before and after immersion, six subjects participated in videooculographic evaluation of the static torsion otolith-cervicoocular reflex (OCOR) in response to head inclination at 30 degrees in the frontal plane and dynamic vestibular-cervicoocular reactions to head longitudinal rotations at 0.125 Hz. In addition, the hand-eye motor coordination of tracking a jerky (sinusoidal) or smooth (linear) movement of point targets along the horizontal or the vertical was evaluated based on the data of electrooculography and records of manipulations with the joystick during immersion. The computerized test was performed in virtual spectacles dsplaying images of visual stimuli and hand motor acts. Computed parameters included latent reaction time, amplitude, speed and time of eye and hand movements, and gains of optooculomotor reactions and manual tracking as a ratio of eye/hand to visual stimulus speed. Testing was fulfilled before the experiment, in 3 hrs. of immersion, on days 3 and 6 of staying in the bath, in the initial hours after immersion, and on day 3 of recovery. It was shown that removal of support and minimization of proprioceptive afferentation had a profound effect on the ocular tracking rather than hand pursuance of visual stimulus. Accuracy of manual tracking was better comparing with the eye tracking in all the subjects. This was the first time when we observed changes in the peripheral vestibular system in two out of 6 subjects, i.e. inversion of static torsion OCOR and positional nystagmus on the background of converted reflex which did not mar the parameters of oculo-manual tracking.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007101 Immersion The placing of a body or a part thereof into a liquid. Submersion,Immersions,Submersions
D008297 Male Males
D009801 Oculomotor Muscles The muscles that move the eye. Included in this group are the medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, musculus orbitalis, and levator palpebrae superioris. Extraocular Muscles,Extraocular Rectus Muscles,Inferior Oblique Extraocular Muscle,Inferior Oblique Muscles,Levator Palpebrae Superioris,Musculus Orbitalis,Oblique Extraocular Muscles,Oblique Muscle, Inferior,Oblique Muscle, Superior,Oblique Muscles, Extraocular,Rectus Muscles, Extraocular,Superior Oblique Extraocular Muscle,Superior Oblique Muscle,Extraocular Muscle,Extraocular Muscle, Oblique,Extraocular Muscles, Oblique,Extraocular Oblique Muscle,Extraocular Oblique Muscles,Extraocular Rectus Muscle,Inferior Oblique Muscle,Muscle, Oculomotor,Muscles, Oculomotor,Oblique Extraocular Muscle,Oblique Muscle, Extraocular,Oblique Muscles, Inferior,Oblique Muscles, Superior,Oculomotor Muscle,Rectus Muscle, Extraocular,Superior Oblique Muscles
D010037 Otolithic Membrane A gelatinous membrane overlying the acoustic maculae of SACCULE AND UTRICLE. It contains minute crystalline particles (otoliths) of CALCIUM CARBONATE and protein on its outer surface. In response to head movement, the otoliths shift causing distortion of the vestibular hair cells which transduce nerve signals to the BRAIN for interpretation of equilibrium. Otoconia,Otoliths,Statoconia,Membrane, Otolithic,Membranes, Otolithic,Otoconias,Otolith,Otolithic Membranes,Statoconias
D012016 Reference Values The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality. Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D012027 Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular A reflex wherein impulses are conveyed from the cupulas of the SEMICIRCULAR CANALS and from the OTOLITHIC MEMBRANE of the SACCULE AND UTRICLE via the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI of the BRAIN STEM and the median longitudinal fasciculus to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE nuclei. It functions to maintain a stable retinal image during head rotation by generating appropriate compensatory EYE MOVEMENTS. Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex,Reflex, Vestibuloocular,Reflexes, Vestibo-Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibuloocular,Reflex, Vestibulo Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibo Ocular,Vestibo-Ocular Reflexes,Vestibulo Ocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflexes
D004585 Electrooculography Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. The increase in potential with light adaptation is used to evaluate the condition of the retinal pigment epithelium. EOG,Electrooculograms,Electrooculogram
D005133 Eye Movements Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye. Eye Movement,Movement, Eye,Movements, Eye
D005500 Follow-Up Studies Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease. Followup Studies,Follow Up Studies,Follow-Up Study,Followup Study,Studies, Follow-Up,Studies, Followup,Study, Follow-Up,Study, Followup
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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