The rationale for the Capstone Depleted Uranium (DU) Aerosol Characterization and Risk Assessment Study and its results and applications have been examined in the previous 13 articles of this special issue. This paper summarizes the study's results and discusses its successes and lessons learned. The robust data from the Capstone DU Aerosol Study have provided a sound basis for assessing the inhalation exposure to DU aerosols and the dose and risk to personnel in combat vehicles at the time of perforation and to those entering immediately after perforation. The Human Health Risk Assessment provided a technically sound process for evaluating chemical and radiological doses and risks from DU aerosol exposure using well-accepted biokinetic and dosimetric models innovatively applied. An independent review of the study process and results is summarized, and recommendations for possible avenues of future study are provided by the authors and by other major reviews of DU health hazards.