Influence of gravity vector on eye movement elicited by linear acceleration. 1991

M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Japan.

When the body/head motion is sensed by otolith organs, they respond not only to the resultant acceleration of the motion but also to the gravitational force. We investigated the influence of the gravity vector on the otolithic-ocular reflex caused by motion in normal subjects. The sled type linear accelerator, moving back and forth with a frequency of 0.25 Hz and an amplitude of 2 m, generated right-left linear acceleration with a maximum magnitude of 0.5 g. We tested every subject under seven different postures: 1) 135 degrees forward tilted (F.T.), 2) 90 degrees F.T., 3) 45 degrees F.T., 4) upright sitting, 5) 45 degrees backward tilted (B.T.), 6) 90 degrees B.T., and 7) 135 degrees B.T. Horizontal eye movements with nystagmic pattern were elicited by these stimulations and were recorded by EOG. The eye movement data were analyzed by using a computer with the following procedure. After extraction of saccadic components from the data, the remaining parts were connected smoothly. The waves reconstructed in this manner, considered to be primary otolithic-ocular responses, were processed with the FFT method for calculating the amplitude of the component at 0.25 Hz. As a result, the responses were larger in the forward tilted postures than in the backward tilted postures.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009038 Motion Physical motion, i.e., a change in position of a body or subject as a result of an external force. It is distinguished from MOVEMENT, a process resulting from biological activity. Motions
D010037 Otolithic Membrane A gelatinous membrane overlying the acoustic maculae of SACCULE AND UTRICLE. It contains minute crystalline particles (otoliths) of CALCIUM CARBONATE and protein on its outer surface. In response to head movement, the otoliths shift causing distortion of the vestibular hair cells which transduce nerve signals to the BRAIN for interpretation of equilibrium. Otoconia,Otoliths,Statoconia,Membrane, Otolithic,Membranes, Otolithic,Otoconias,Otolith,Otolithic Membranes,Statoconias
D012027 Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular A reflex wherein impulses are conveyed from the cupulas of the SEMICIRCULAR CANALS and from the OTOLITHIC MEMBRANE of the SACCULE AND UTRICLE via the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI of the BRAIN STEM and the median longitudinal fasciculus to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE nuclei. It functions to maintain a stable retinal image during head rotation by generating appropriate compensatory EYE MOVEMENTS. Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex,Reflex, Vestibuloocular,Reflexes, Vestibo-Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibuloocular,Reflex, Vestibulo Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibo Ocular,Vestibo-Ocular Reflexes,Vestibulo Ocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflexes
D004585 Electrooculography Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. The increase in potential with light adaptation is used to evaluate the condition of the retinal pigment epithelium. EOG,Electrooculograms,Electrooculogram
D005133 Eye Movements Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye. Eye Movement,Movement, Eye,Movements, Eye
D006112 Gravitation Acceleration produced by the mutual attraction of two masses, and of magnitude inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centers of mass. It is also the force imparted by the earth, moon, or a planet to an object near its surface. (From NASA Thesaurus, 1988) G Force,Gravistimulation,Gravity,Force, G,G Forces,Gravities
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000054 Acceleration An increase in the rate of speed. Accelerations
D012444 Saccule and Utricle Two membranous sacs within the vestibular labyrinth of the INNER EAR. The saccule communicates with COCHLEAR DUCT through the ductus reuniens, and communicates with utricle through the utriculosaccular duct from which the ENDOLYMPHATIC DUCT arises. The utricle and saccule have sensory areas (acoustic maculae) which are innervated by the VESTIBULAR NERVE. Otolithic Organs,Utricle,Saccule,Organ, Otolithic,Otolithic Organ,Saccules,Utricle and Saccule,Utricles

Related Publications

M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
January 1991, Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
November 1994, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
July 1968, The Journal of physiology,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
April 1999, Experimental brain research,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
January 1995, Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
December 1988, Journal of neurophysiology,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
January 1985, Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists),
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
March 1999, Uchu Seibutsu Kagaku,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
January 1989, Experimental brain research,
M Hashiba, and J Wetzig, and R von Baumgarten, and S Watanabe, and S Baba
April 2001, Archives italiennes de biologie,
Copied contents to your clipboard!