Biomaterial Database

Glycoconjugate histochemistry of Xenopus laevis fundic gland with special reference to mucous neck cells during development. 1991

T Oinuma, and J Kawano, and T Suganuma

Department of Anatomy, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.

Mucous neck cells (MNCs) of the fundic gland are phylogenetically thought to have first appeared in amphibians. We studied the origin and differentiation of MNCs in fundic glands of Xenopus laevis. By means of lectin histochemical methods using Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-II (GSA-II), MNCs were detected specifically in fundic glands of adult X. laevis. Mucous granules of MNCs were labeled by GSA-II-colloidal gold (CG) staining. Other cells such as surface mucous cells (SMCs), oxynticopeptic cells (OPCs), and endocrine cells did not react to GSA-II. Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I specifically stained OPCs, but not MNCs and SMCs. During the morphogenetic period of the stomach in metamorphosing larvae, GSA-II reactive cells randomly appeared in various portions of the underdeveloped fundic glands and then rapidly localized in the neck portion. At this time, newly appearing mucous granules of MNC type were labeled by GSA-II-CG. Two types of cells intermediate to MNCs and SMCs and intermediate to MNCs and OPCs were observed in the larval gastric region. Cells intermediate to MNCs and OPCs were also found in adults. In these cells, mucous granules of MNC type were labeled by GSA-II-CG, but mucous granules of SMC type and zymogen-like granules did not react to GSA-II. These observations suggest that GSA-II is a useful marker in studying the differentiation of MNCs and their precursors regardless of species differentiation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D009024	Morphogenesis	The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D003594	Cytoplasmic Granules	Condensed areas of cellular material that may be bounded by a membrane.	Cytoplasmic Granule,Granule, Cytoplasmic,Granules, Cytoplasmic
D006001	Glycoconjugates	Carbohydrates covalently linked to a nonsugar moiety (lipids or proteins). The major glycoconjugates are glycoproteins, glycopeptides, peptidoglycans, glycolipids, and lipopolysaccharides. (From Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents, 2d ed; From Principles of Biochemistry, 2d ed)	Glycoconjugate
D006046	Gold	A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.
D006651	Histocytochemistry	Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.	Cytochemistry
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013270	Stomach	An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the ESOPHAGUS and the beginning of the DUODENUM.	Stomachs
D014982	Xenopus laevis	The commonest and widest ranging species of the clawed "frog" (Xenopus) in Africa. This species is used extensively in research. There is now a significant population in California derived from escaped laboratory animals.	Platanna,X. laevis,Platannas,X. laevi