[The osteometric method for the determination of sequential localization and sex characteristics of the ribs using discriminate analysis]. 2009

V N Zviagin, and E Iu Permiakova, and O I Galitskaia

The study material was ribs of the Caucasoid carcasses from the collections of the Department of Anthropology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, and the Department of Personality Identification, Russian Centre of Forensic Medical Examination. Each rib was measured as stipulated by the 13 point program of A.I. Turovtsev (1972). The results were analysed with the use of the SPSS statistical packet. Diagnostic models were calculated for the purpose of forensic medicine practice based on step-by-step discriminative analysis. It is recommended to perform expert evaluation in two stages. The aim of the first stage, is to establish the group affiliation of a concrete rib. Group 1 comprises III-V ribs, group 2--ribs VI--VIII, and group 3--ribs IX-XI. Determination of the sequential localization of I, II, and XII ribs encounters practically no difficulty due to their unique anatomical structure. The accuracy of classication of group localization of the ribs amounts to 99.6%. At the second stage, individual number of a concrete rib within a group is determined. The accuracy of classification of ribs belonging to groups 1 and 3 is 80.2% and 85.7% respectively and that of ribs in group 2 is lightly lower (41.7-69%). Sexual identity of the ribs was determined by means of multidimensional discriminative analysis. The accuracy of diagnosis is directly related to the integrity of the study material; in other words, it depends on the amount of ribs available for the analysis. It is shown that sexual identity is best established for rib VI followed by ribs VIII, II, IV, and I respectively. The main discriminative features include the total arch length, costal plane curvature, and height-width dimension. Diagnostic equations are derived for the determination of sexual identity of individual ribs for the practical purposes of forensic medical examination.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008953 Models, Anatomic Three-dimensional representation to show anatomic structures. Models may be used in place of intact animals or organisms for teaching, practice, and study. Anatomic Models,Models, Surgical,Moulages,Models, Anatomical,Anatomic Model,Anatomical Model,Anatomical Models,Model, Anatomic,Model, Anatomical,Model, Surgical,Moulage,Surgical Model,Surgical Models
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012272 Ribs A set of twelve curved bones which connect to the vertebral column posteriorly, and terminate anteriorly as costal cartilage. Together, they form a protective cage around the internal thoracic organs. Rib
D012727 Sex Characteristics Those characteristics that distinguish one SEX from the other. The primary sex characteristics are the OVARIES and TESTES and their related hormones. Secondary sex characteristics are those which are masculine or feminine but not directly related to reproduction. Gender Characteristics,Gender Differences,Gender Dimorphism,Sex Differences,Sex Dimorphism,Sexual Dichromatism,Sexual Dimorphism,Characteristic, Gender,Characteristic, Sex,Dichromatism, Sexual,Dichromatisms, Sexual,Difference, Sex,Dimorphism, Gender,Dimorphism, Sex,Dimorphism, Sexual,Gender Characteristic,Gender Difference,Gender Dimorphisms,Sex Characteristic,Sex Difference,Sex Dimorphisms,Sexual Dichromatisms,Sexual Dimorphisms
D016002 Discriminant Analysis A statistical analytic technique used with discrete dependent variables, concerned with separating sets of observed values and allocating new values. It is sometimes used instead of regression analysis. Analyses, Discriminant,Analysis, Discriminant,Discriminant Analyses
D018732 Forensic Anthropology Scientific study of human skeletal remains with the express purpose of identification. This includes establishing individual identity, trauma analysis, facial reconstruction, photographic superimposition, determination of time interval since death, and crime-scene recovery. Forensic anthropologists do not certify cause of death but provide data to assist in determination of probable cause. This is a branch of the field of physical anthropology and qualified individuals are certified by the American Board of Forensic Anthropology. (From Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1992 Jun;13(2):146) Anthropology, Forensic,Human Identification,Human Identifications,Identification, Human,Identifications, Human

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