Biomaterial Database

Selected drake teachings: an affectionate look back and a look forward--the Charles G. Drake lecture: 2006. 2009

H Hunt Batjer, and Edward A M Duckworth

Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois 60611, USA. hbatjer@nmff.org

The clinical neurosciences were blessed in the past century by the life and works of Dr. Charles Drake. The senior author (HHB) was honored to deliver the 2006 Charles Drake Lecture at the Annual Meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons. Numerous colleagues in attendance requested that we prepare a written document reflecting the content of that presentation. In this article, we attempt to convey some of the primary teachings of Dr. Drake as he communicated them to his residents and fellows and to the international neuroscience audience through his hundreds of presentations and publications. We do our best to portray the unique style and humanism of this pioneer as he approached difficult diseases, critically ill patients, grieving families, and his trainees. Drake made major contributions to the knowledge of giant intracranial aneurysms, posterior circulation aneurysms, and intracranial arteriovenous malformations; we will focus on these topics. We dissect the principles he articulated and how they applied to his practice, look at how those ideas have influenced our contemporary thinking, and look to where we--as a discipline--may be going, having been leveraged by his enormous contributions. We attempt to articulate the unique perspectives "Charlie" provided with respect to how we learn our craft, integrity of reporting, and how we must progress into the future. It is our hope that this presentation brings to life for young neurosurgeons the unique character of Dr. Drake and his unprecedented blend of genius, creativity, technical skill, introspection, and ever-present humility.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009493	Neurosurgery	A surgical specialty concerned with the treatment of diseases and disorders of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral and sympathetic nervous system.	Neurosurgeries
D011183	Postoperative Complications	Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D002532	Intracranial Aneurysm	Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)	Aneurysm, Cerebral,Aneurysm, Intracranial,Basilar Artery Aneurysm,Berry Aneurysm,Brain Aneurysm,Cerebral Aneurysm,Giant Intracranial Aneurysm,Mycotic Aneurysm, Intracranial,Aneurysm, Anterior Cerebral Artery,Aneurysm, Anterior Communicating Artery,Aneurysm, Basilar Artery,Aneurysm, Middle Cerebral Artery,Aneurysm, Posterior Cerebral Artery,Aneurysm, Posterior Communicating Artery,Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm,Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm,Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm,Posterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm,Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm,Aneurysm, Berry,Aneurysm, Brain,Aneurysm, Giant Intracranial,Aneurysm, Intracranial Mycotic,Aneurysms, Basilar Artery,Aneurysms, Berry,Aneurysms, Brain,Aneurysms, Cerebral,Aneurysms, Giant Intracranial,Aneurysms, Intracranial,Aneurysms, Intracranial Mycotic,Artery Aneurysm, Basilar,Artery Aneurysms, Basilar,Basilar Artery Aneurysms,Berry Aneurysms,Brain Aneurysms,Cerebral Aneurysms,Giant Intracranial Aneurysms,Intracranial Aneurysm, Giant,Intracranial Aneurysms,Intracranial Aneurysms, Giant,Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysm,Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysms,Mycotic Aneurysms, Intracranial
D002536	Cerebral Arteries	The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.	Arteries, Cerebral,Artery, Cerebral,Cerebral Artery
D002538	Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations	Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. The locations and size of the shunts determine the symptoms including HEADACHES; SEIZURES; STROKE; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; mass effect; and vascular steal effect.	Arteriovenous Malformations, Cerebral,Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations, Congenital,AVM (Arteriovenous Malformation) Intracranial,Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations,Congenital Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations,Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation, Ruptured,Ruptured Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation,Arteriovenous Malformation, Cerebral,Arteriovenous Malformation, Intracranial,Arteriovenous Malformations, Intracranial,Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation,Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation,Malformation, Cerebral Arteriovenous,Malformation, Intracranial Arteriovenous,Malformations, Cerebral Arteriovenous,Malformations, Intracranial Arteriovenous
D002983	Clinical Competence	The capability to perform acceptably those duties directly related to patient care.	Clinical Skills,Competence, Clinical,Clinical Competency,Clinical Skill,Competency, Clinical,Skill, Clinical,Skills, Clinical,Clinical Competencies,Competencies, Clinical
D003399	Craniotomy	Surgical incision into the cranium.	Craniectomy,Craniectomies,Craniotomies
D004621	Embolization, Therapeutic	A method of hemostasis utilizing various agents such as Gelfoam, silastic, metal, glass, or plastic pellets, autologous clot, fat, and muscle as emboli. It has been used in the treatment of spinal cord and INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS, renal arteriovenous fistulas, gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, hypersplenism, certain highly vascular tumors, traumatic rupture of blood vessels, and control of operative hemorrhage.	Embolotherapy,Therapeutic Embolization,Embolizations, Therapeutic,Embolotherapies,Therapeutic Embolizations
D013525	Surgical Instruments	Hand-held tools or implements used by health professionals for the performance of surgical tasks.	Clamps, Surgical,Clips, Surgical,Clips, Tantalum,Forceps,Hooks, Surgical,Plugs, Surgical,Scissors, Surgical,Speculum,Surgical Clamps,Surgical Clips,Surgical Hooks,Surgical Plugs,Surgical Scissors,Surgical Valves,Trocar,Valves, Surgical,Clamp, Surgical,Clip, Surgical,Clips,Hook, Surgical,Instrument, Surgical,Plug, Surgical,Surgical Clamp,Surgical Clip,Surgical Hook,Surgical Plug,Surgical Valve,Valve, Surgical,Clip,Clip, Tantalum,Forcep,Instruments, Surgical,Speculums,Surgical Instrument,Tantalum Clip,Tantalum Clips,Trocars
D014656	Vascular Surgical Procedures	Operative procedures for the treatment of vascular disorders.	Vascular Surgery,Procedure, Vascular Surgical,Procedures, Vascular Surgical,Surgical Procedure, Vascular,Surgical Procedures, Vascular,Vascular Surgical Procedure,Surgeries, Vascular,Surgery, Vascular,Vascular Surgeries