Comparative studies of heparin cofactor activity toward antithrombin III and heparin cofactor II, and antithrombin III affinity between low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin. 1990

T Shimotori, and N Sakuragawa
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.

The accelerating effects of an UF heparin (Novo) and two LMW heparins (Fragmin and PK 10169) on AT III and HC II were investigated in a purified system. The effects of these heparins on APTTs were examined using human plasma. Fractionation of these heparins by affinity column chromatography yielded the following results: UF heparin was separated into two distinct fractions, LA and HA for AT III. Both LMW heparins were separated into three fractions: NA, LA, and HA for AT III. The accelerating effects of these fractions on both antithrombin and anti-Factor Xa activity of AT III were dependent on the strength of their affinity to AT III. The accelerating effects of these fractions on the antithrombin activity of HC II was independent of the strength of their affinity for AT III. LA had a much stronger anticoagulant activity of HC II toward thrombin than did HA. It is concluded that LA for AT III is necessary to show HC II activity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008970 Molecular Weight The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D010314 Partial Thromboplastin Time The time required for the appearance of FIBRIN strands following the mixing of PLASMA with phospholipid platelet substitute (e.g., crude cephalins, soybean phosphatides). It is a test of the intrinsic pathway (factors VIII, IX, XI, and XII) and the common pathway (fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors V and X) of BLOOD COAGULATION. It is used as a screening test and to monitor HEPARIN therapy. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time,Cephalin-Kaolin Coagulation Time,Kaolin-Cephalin Coagulation Time,Thromboplastin Time, Partial,Coagulation Time, Cephalin-Kaolin,Cephalin Kaolin Coagulation Time,Coagulation Time, Cephalin Kaolin,Coagulation Time, Kaolin-Cephalin,Kaolin Cephalin Coagulation Time
D006493 Heparin A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts. Heparinic Acid,alpha-Heparin,Heparin Sodium,Liquaemin,Sodium Heparin,Unfractionated Heparin,Heparin, Sodium,Heparin, Unfractionated,alpha Heparin
D006495 Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin fractions with a molecular weight usually between 4000 and 6000 kD. These low-molecular-weight fractions are effective antithrombotic agents. Their administration reduces the risk of hemorrhage, they have a longer half-life, and their platelet interactions are reduced in comparison to unfractionated heparin. They also provide an effective prophylaxis against postoperative major pulmonary embolism. LMWH,Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin,Low Molecular Weight Heparin,Heparin, Low Molecular Weight
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000990 Antithrombin III A plasma alpha 2 glycoprotein that accounts for the major antithrombin activity of normal plasma and also inhibits several other enzymes. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. Heparin Cofactor I,Antithrombin III-Alpha,Atenativ,Heparin Co-Factor I,Kybernin,Serpin C1,Thrombate III,Antithrombin III Alpha,Antithrombin IIIAlpha,Cofactor I, Heparin,Heparin Co Factor I
D013917 Thrombin An enzyme formed from PROTHROMBIN that converts FIBRINOGEN to FIBRIN. Thrombase,Thrombin JMI,Thrombin-JMI,Thrombinar,Thrombostat,alpha-Thrombin,beta,gamma-Thrombin,beta-Thrombin,gamma-Thrombin,JMI, Thrombin
D015844 Heparin Cofactor II A sulfated plasma protein with a MW of approximately 66kDa that resembles ANTITHROMBIN III. The protein is an inhibitor of thrombin in plasma and is activated by dermatan sulfate or heparin. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. Heparin Co-Factor II,Heparin Cofactor 2,Leuserpin 2,Protease Inhibitor Leuserpin 2,Serpin D1,Heparin Co Factor II
D065427 Factor Xa Inhibitors Endogenous factors and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of FACTOR XA. Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor,Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulant,Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants,Factor Xa Inhibitor,Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors,Anticoagulant, Direct-Acting Oral,Anticoagulants, Direct-Acting Oral,Direct Acting Oral Anticoagulant,Direct Acting Oral Anticoagulants,Inhibitor, Factor Xa,Oral Anticoagulant, Direct-Acting,Oral Anticoagulants, Direct-Acting,Xa Inhibitor, Factor

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