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Pleural effusions: etiology, diagnosis, and management. 2009

Mary Ellen Cordes
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

This column describes the etiology, diagnosis, and management of pleural effusions.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010996 Pleural Effusion Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself. Effusion, Pleural,Effusions, Pleural,Pleural Effusions
D003937 Diagnosis, Differential Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures. Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D005122 Exudates and Transudates Exudates are fluids, CELLS, or other cellular substances that are slowly discharged from BLOOD VESSELS usually from inflamed tissues. Transudates are fluids that pass through a membrane or squeeze through tissue or into the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE of TISSUES. Transudates are thin and watery and contain few cells or PROTEINS. Transudates,Exudates,Transudates and Exudates,Exudate,Transudate
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012307 Risk Factors An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent. Health Correlates,Risk Factor Scores,Risk Scores,Social Risk Factors,Population at Risk,Populations at Risk,Correlates, Health,Factor, Risk,Factor, Social Risk,Factors, Social Risk,Risk Factor,Risk Factor Score,Risk Factor, Social,Risk Factors, Social,Risk Score,Score, Risk,Score, Risk Factor,Social Risk Factor
D013907 Thoracostomy Surgical procedure involving the creation of an opening (stoma) into the chest cavity for drainage; used in the treatment of PLEURAL EFFUSION; PNEUMOTHORAX; HEMOTHORAX; and EMPYEMA. Needle Thoracostomy,Needle Thoracostomies,Thoracostomies,Thoracostomies, Needle,Thoracostomy, Needle
D015505 Chest Tubes Plastic tubes used for drainage of air or fluid from the pleural space. Their surgical insertion is called tube thoracostomy. Chest Tube,Tube, Chest,Tubes, Chest
D018700 Pleurodesis The production of adhesions between the parietal and visceral pleura. The procedure is used in the treatment of bronchopleural fistulas, malignant pleural effusions, and pneumothorax and often involves instillation of chemicals or other agents into the pleural space causing, in effect, a pleuritis that seals the air leak. (From Fishman, Pulmonary Diseases, 2d ed, p2233 & Dorland, 27th ed)
D019152 Paracentesis A procedure in which fluid is withdrawn from a body cavity or organ via a trocar and cannula, needle, or other hollow instrument. Centesis,Culdocentesis,Puncture and Aspiration,Puncture and Drainage,Aspiration and Puncture,Centeses,Culdocenteses,Drainage and Puncture,Paracenteses

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