Biomaterial Database

Effect of dietary lipid on lutein metabolism during aflatoxicosis in young broiler chickens. 1990

J L Schaeffer, and P B Hamilton

Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7608.

The effect of concentration of dietary fat on pigmentation of broiler chickens was investigated in diets containing: 1) 0 or 1.4 micrograms of aflatoxin and 35 micrograms of lutein/kcal of diet; and 2) different levels of dietary fat (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10% cottonseed oil). Serum lutein and its metabolite, 3'-oxolutein, increased with increasing dietary fat until it reached a plateau at 6% fat. Aflatoxin significantly (P less than .05) lowered serum lutein and 3'-oxolutein at all levels of fat. Dietary fat and aflatoxin interacted significantly (P less than .05), with the effect of aflatoxin being greater at the low levels of fat than at the high fat levels. In the toe webs of the birds, the concentrations of lutein and its metabolites, lutein monoester, lutein diester, and 3'-oxolutein responded similarly to aflatoxin and to dietary fat, except that increasing the amount of dietary fat did not spare the effect of aflatoxin on 3'-oxolutein. The effect of chain length and the saturation of fatty acids on the absorption of lutein during aflatoxicosis was investigated in a factorial design for aflatoxin (0 and 4 micrograms/g of diet) and seven fatty acids at 5% of the diet. In control birds, lutein absorption was promoted by lauric = oleic greater than capric = linoleic greater than myristic greater than palmitic = stearic acids. Aflatoxin significantly (P less than .05) depressed the absorption of lutein regardless of the fatty acid present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D011201	Poultry Diseases	Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	Disease, Poultry,Diseases, Poultry,Poultry Disease
D011897	Random Allocation	A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.	Randomization,Allocation, Random
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D004041	Dietary Fats	Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados.	Fats, Dietary,Dietary Fat,Fat, Dietary
D005227	Fatty Acids	Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids
D000042	Absorption	The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.
D000348	Aflatoxins	Furano-furano-benzopyrans that are produced by ASPERGILLUS from STERIGMATOCYSTIN. They are structurally related to COUMARINS and easily oxidized to an epoxide form to become ALKYLATING AGENTS. Members of the group include AFLATOXIN B1; aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2; AFLATOXIN M1; and aflatoxin M2.	Aflatoxin
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014975	Lutein	A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA.	Lutein F,Lutein G,beta,epsilon-Carotene-3, 3'-Diol, (3R,3'R,6'S)-,beta,epsilon-Carotene-3,3'-diol, (3S,3'R,6'S)-,gamma Lutein,Lutein, gamma