Cytochrome c4 can be involved in the photosynthetic electron transfer system in the purple bacterium Rubrivivax gelatinosus. 2009

Makito Ohmine, and Katsumi Matsuura, and Keizo Shimada, and Jean Alric, and André Verméglio, and Kenji V P Nagashima
Department of Biological Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.

Three periplasmic electron carriers, HiPIP and two cytochromes c8 with low- and high-midpoint potentials, are present in the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rubrivivax gelatinosus. Comparison of the growth rates of mutants lacking one, two, or all three electron carrier proteins showed that HiPIP is the main electron donor to the photochemical reaction center and that high-potential cytochrome c8 plays a subsidiary role in the electron donation in photosynthetically growing cells. However, the triple deletion mutant was still capable of photosynthetic growth, indicating that another electron donor could be present. A new soluble cytochrome c, which can reduce the photooxidized reaction center in vitro, was purified. Based on amino acid sequence comparisons to known cytochromes, this cytochrome was identified as a diheme cytochrome c of the family of cytochromes c4. The quadruple mutant lacking this cytochrome and three other electron carriers showed about three times slower growth than the triple mutant under photosynthetic growth conditions. In conclusion, cytochrome c4 can function as a physiological electron carrier in the photosynthetic electron transport chain in R. gelatinosus.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007506 Iron-Sulfur Proteins A group of proteins possessing only the iron-sulfur complex as the prosthetic group. These proteins participate in all major pathways of electron transport: photosynthesis, respiration, hydroxylation and bacterial hydrogen and nitrogen fixation. Iron-Sulfur Protein,Iron Sulfur Proteins,Iron Sulfur Protein,Protein, Iron-Sulfur,Proteins, Iron Sulfur,Proteins, Iron-Sulfur,Sulfur Proteins, Iron
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D010788 Photosynthesis The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001) Calvin Cycle,Calvin-Benson Cycle,Calvin-Benson-Bassham Cycle,Carbon Fixation, Photosynthetic,Reductive Pentose Phosphate Cycle,Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis,Calvin Benson Bassham Cycle,Calvin Benson Cycle,Cycle, Calvin,Cycle, Calvin-Benson,Cycle, Calvin-Benson-Bassham,Photosynthesis Dark Reaction,Photosynthesis Dark Reactions,Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D003574 Cytochrome c Group A group of cytochromes with covalent thioether linkages between either or both of the vinyl side chains of protoheme and the protein. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p539) Cytochromes Type c,Group, Cytochrome c,Type c, Cytochromes
D004579 Electron Transport The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270) Respiratory Chain,Chain, Respiratory,Chains, Respiratory,Respiratory Chains,Transport, Electron
D005798 Genes, Bacterial The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA. Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D001426 Bacterial Proteins Proteins found in any species of bacterium. Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial

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