Biomaterial Database

[Gastrointestinal hormones--function and clinical significance. 2: Somatostatin, PYY, neurotensin and other regulatory peptides]. 1990

J Mössner

Medizinische Poliklinik, Universität Würzburg.

Part 1 of this review described the three classical gut hormones gastrin, cholecystokinin and secretin, with particular emphasis on newly discovered biological effects. Part 2 deals largely with a further aspect of gastrointestinal endocrinology, namely the discovery of numerous new regulatory peptides. The possible physiological effects and pathophysiological significance of which are discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009377	Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia	A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. These neoplasias are often benign but can be malignant. They are classified by the endocrine glands involved and the degree of aggressiveness. The two major forms are MEN1 and MEN2 with gene mutations on CHROMOSOME 11 and CHROMOSOME 10, respectively.	Adenomatosis, Familial Endocrine,Endocrine Neoplasia, Multiple,Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome,Neoplasia, Multiple Endocrine,Neoplasms, Multiple Endocrine,Adenomatosis, Multiple Endocrine,Familial Endocrine Adenomatosis,Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis,Multiple Endocrine Adenopathy,Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes,Multiple Endocrine Neoplasms,Adenomatoses, Familial Endocrine,Adenomatoses, Multiple Endocrine,Adenopathies, Multiple Endocrine,Adenopathy, Multiple Endocrine,Endocrine Adenomatoses, Familial,Endocrine Adenomatoses, Multiple,Endocrine Adenomatosis, Familial,Endocrine Adenomatosis, Multiple,Endocrine Adenopathies, Multiple,Endocrine Adenopathy, Multiple,Endocrine Neoplasms, Multiple,Familial Endocrine Adenomatoses,Multiple Endocrine Adenomatoses,Multiple Endocrine Adenopathies
D009496	Neurotensin	A biologically active tridecapeptide isolated from the hypothalamus. It has been shown to induce hypotension in the rat, to stimulate contraction of guinea pig ileum and rat uterus, and to cause relaxation of rat duodenum. There is also evidence that it acts as both a peripheral and a central nervous system neurotransmitter.
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D005768	Gastrointestinal Hormones	HORMONES secreted by the gastrointestinal mucosa that affect the timing or the quality of secretion of digestive enzymes, and regulate the motor activity of the digestive system organs.	Enteric Hormone,Enteric Hormones,Gastrointestinal Hormone,Intestinal Hormone,Intestinal Hormones,Hormone, Enteric,Hormone, Gastrointestinal,Hormone, Intestinal,Hormones, Enteric,Hormones, Gastrointestinal,Hormones, Intestinal
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013004	Somatostatin	A 14-amino acid peptide named for its ability to inhibit pituitary GROWTH HORMONE release, also called somatotropin release-inhibiting factor. It is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, the gut, and other organs. SRIF can also inhibit the release of THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE; PROLACTIN; INSULIN; and GLUCAGON besides acting as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. In a number of species including humans, there is an additional form of somatostatin, SRIF-28 with a 14-amino acid extension at the N-terminal.	Cyclic Somatostatin,Somatostatin-14,Somatotropin Release-Inhibiting Hormone,SRIH-14,Somatofalk,Somatostatin, Cyclic,Somatotropin Release-Inhibiting Factor,Stilamin,Somatostatin 14,Somatotropin Release Inhibiting Factor,Somatotropin Release Inhibiting Hormone
D019894	Peptide YY	A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY inhibits gastric and pancreatic secretion.	PYY Peptide,Peptide, PYY