Biomaterial Database

Validity and reliability of laser-induced fluorescence measurements on carious root surfaces in vitro. 2009

L Karlsson, and E Johansson, and S Tranaeus

Division of Cardiology and Endodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. lena.karlsson@ki.se

The aim was to assess the validity of laser fluorescence (LF), visual inspection and surface texture on root caries lesions in vitro, related to histological lesion depths. Agreement on interdevice, interexaminer and intra-examiner levels as well as the influence of discolouration and surface texture on LF readings were investigated. Calibrated examiners assessed lesion colour and surface texture and performed measurements with 2 LF devices in 3 separate series at intervals of 1 week. Sections (300 mum thick) of 64 out of 93 teeth were obtained and examined under the microscope. Lesion depth was assessed with 2 references: from the delineated borderline of the original exposed root surface (ref. I), or if loss of surface continuity, the absolute lesion depth (ref. II). The correlation (Spearman rho) between LF readings and histological depth was low with values ranging from 0.22 (p > 0.05) to 0.31 (p < 0.05). LF 1 and LF 2 were significantly correlated with discolouration (rho = 0.52 and 0.46, respectively) and with surface texture denoted as hard (rho = 0.34 and 0.33, respectively). A significant correlation between colour and histological depth ref. I (rho = 0.51) and ref. II (rho = 0.56) was found. No significant correlation between surface texture and histological depth was found. The reliability, evaluated as intraclass correlation coefficient was for intra-examiner 0.99, interexaminer 0.97 and interdevice level 0.98. Large differences were found between 2 consecutive measurements, and high measurement errors indicated considerable deviation of individual measurements. Based on these findings, the LF device is not suitable as a diagnostic tool for root caries.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007834	Lasers	An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.	Masers,Continuous Wave Lasers,Pulsed Lasers,Q-Switched Lasers,Continuous Wave Laser,Laser,Laser, Continuous Wave,Laser, Pulsed,Laser, Q-Switched,Lasers, Continuous Wave,Lasers, Pulsed,Lasers, Q-Switched,Maser,Pulsed Laser,Q Switched Lasers,Q-Switched Laser
D008963	Molar	The most posterior teeth on either side of the jaw, totaling eight in the deciduous dentition (2 on each side, upper and lower), and usually 12 in the permanent dentition (three on each side, upper and lower). They are grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p821)	Molars
D003732	Dental Caries Activity Tests	Diagnostic tests conducted in order to measure the increment of active DENTAL CARIES over a period of time.
D005453	Fluorescence	The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001641	Bicuspid	One of the eight permanent teeth, two on either side in each jaw, between the canines (CUSPID) and the molars (MOLAR), serving for grinding and crushing food. The upper have two cusps (bicuspid) but the lower have one to three. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p822)	Premolar,Bicuspids,Premolars
D012680	Sensitivity and Specificity	Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D015203	Reproducibility of Results	The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.	Reliability and Validity,Reliability of Result,Reproducibility Of Result,Reproducibility of Finding,Validity of Result,Validity of Results,Face Validity,Reliability (Epidemiology),Reliability of Results,Reproducibility of Findings,Test-Retest Reliability,Validity (Epidemiology),Finding Reproducibilities,Finding Reproducibility,Of Result, Reproducibility,Of Results, Reproducibility,Reliabilities, Test-Retest,Reliability, Test-Retest,Result Reliabilities,Result Reliability,Result Validities,Result Validity,Result, Reproducibility Of,Results, Reproducibility Of,Test Retest Reliability,Validity and Reliability,Validity, Face
D015588	Observer Variation	The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).	Bias, Observer,Interobserver Variation,Intraobserver Variation,Observer Bias,Inter-Observer Variability,Inter-Observer Variation,Interobserver Variability,Intra-Observer Variability,Intra-Observer Variation,Intraobserver Variability,Inter Observer Variability,Inter Observer Variation,Inter-Observer Variabilities,Inter-Observer Variations,Interobserver Variabilities,Interobserver Variations,Intra Observer Variability,Intra Observer Variation,Intra-Observer Variabilities,Intra-Observer Variations,Intraobserver Variabilities,Intraobserver Variations,Observer Variations,Variabilities, Inter-Observer,Variabilities, Interobserver,Variabilities, Intra-Observer,Variabilities, Intraobserver,Variability, Inter-Observer,Variability, Interobserver,Variability, Intra-Observer,Variability, Intraobserver,Variation, Inter-Observer,Variation, Interobserver,Variation, Intra-Observer,Variation, Intraobserver,Variation, Observer,Variations, Inter-Observer,Variations, Interobserver,Variations, Intra-Observer,Variations, Intraobserver,Variations, Observer
D017213	Root Caries	Dental caries involving the tooth root, cementum, or cervical area of the tooth.	Caries, Cervical,Caries, Root,Cervical Caries,Cary, Cervical,Cervical Cary