Effects of methylphenidate on discounting of delayed rewards in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 2009

Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
Department of Psychology.

Impulsivity is a central component of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Delay discounting, or a preference for smaller, immediate rewards over larger, delayed rewards, is considered an important aspect of impulsivity, and delay-related impulsivity has been emphasized in etiological models of ADHD. In this study, we examined whether stimulant medication, an effective treatment for ADHD, reduced discounting of delayed experiential and hypothetical rewards among 49 children (ages 9-12 years) with ADHD. After a practice day, participants completed a 3-day double-blind placebo-controlled acute medication assessment. Active doses were long-acting methylphenidate (Concerta), with the nearest equivalents of 0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg TID immediate-release methylphenidate. On each testing day, participants completed experiential (real-world money in real time) and hypothetical discounting tasks. Relative to placebo, methylphenidate reduced discounting of delayed experiential rewards but not hypothetical rewards. Broadly consistent with etiological models that emphasize delay-related impulsivity among children with ADHD, these findings provide initial evidence that stimulant medication reduces delay discounting among those with the disorder. The results also draw attention to task parameters that may influence the sensitivity of various delay discounting measures to medication effects.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007361 Intelligence Tests Standardized tests that measure the present general ability or aptitude for intellectual performance. Mental Tests,Raven Test,Raven's Progressive Matrices,Intelligence Test,Mental Test,Raven Progressive Matrices,Ravens Progressive Matrices,Test, Intelligence,Test, Mental,Test, Raven
D008297 Male Males
D008774 Methylphenidate A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE. Centedrin,Concerta,Daytrana,Equasym,Metadate,Methylin,Methylphenidate Hydrochloride,Phenidylate,Ritalin,Ritalin-SR,Ritaline,Tsentedrin,Hydrochloride, Methylphenidate,Ritalin SR
D009483 Neuropsychological Tests Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury. Aphasia Tests,Cognitive Test,Cognitive Testing,Cognitive Tests,Memory for Designs Test,Neuropsychological Testing,AX-CPT,Behavioral Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome,CANTAB,Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery,Clock Test,Cognitive Function Scanner,Continuous Performance Task,Controlled Oral Word Association Test,Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System,Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment,Hooper Visual Organization Test,NEPSY,Neuropsychologic Tests,Neuropsychological Test,Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test,Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status,Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure,Symbol Digit Modalities Test,Test of Everyday Attention,Test, Neuropsychological,Tests, Neuropsychological,Tower of London Test,Neuropsychologic Test,Test, Cognitive,Testing, Cognitive,Testing, Neuropsychological,Tests, Cognitive
D011569 Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness. Factor Construct Rating Scales (FCRS),Katz Adjustment Scales,Lorr's Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiatric Rating Scale,Wittenborn Scales,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview
D011930 Reaction Time The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed. Response Latency,Response Speed,Response Time,Latency, Response,Reaction Times,Response Latencies,Response Times,Speed, Response,Speeds, Response
D012055 Reinforcement Schedule A schedule prescribing when the subject is to be reinforced or rewarded in terms of temporal interval in psychological experiments. The schedule may be continuous or intermittent. Reinforcement Schedules,Schedule, Reinforcement,Schedules, Reinforcement
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002755 Choice Behavior The act of making a selection among two or more alternatives, usually after a period of deliberation. Approach Behavior,Approach Behaviors,Behavior, Approach,Behavior, Choice,Behaviors, Approach,Behaviors, Choice,Choice Behaviors
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response

Related Publications

Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
July 2006, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
September 2016, JAMA,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
March 2016, Journal of paediatrics and child health,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
October 2005, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
November 2001, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
March 2005, Psychopharmacology,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
December 1985, Pediatrics,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
April 1994, Journal of child neurology,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
October 2008, Biological psychiatry,
Keri Shiels, and Larry W Hawk, and Brady Reynolds, and Rebecca J Mazzullo, and Jessica D Rhodes, and William E Pelham, and James G Waxmonsky, and Brian P Gangloff
February 1999, Journal of abnormal psychology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!