Biomaterial Database

In-vitro studies with ceftazidime against aerobic gram-negative bacilli and Bacteroides fragilis group. 1981

G Acuna, and J Johnston, and L S Young, and W J Martin

Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Laboratories, UCLA Center for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.

The in-vitro susceptibility of recent clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacilli has been assessed for ceftazidime and compared to amikacin, gentamicin, carbenicillin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, moxalactam, ceftriaxone and ceftizoxime. Using the ICS-WHO agar dilution method, we found that ceftazidime was the most active beta-lactam agent tested against 147 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a mode MIC=2 mg/l and all but 2% of isolates inhibited at 32 mg/l. 100% of indole-positive and negative Proteus spp., 90% of Citrobacter spp., 100% of Acinetobacter spp. and 98% of Enterobacter spp. were inhibited. A total of 142 isolates from the latter 5 groups of organisms were tested. Cefoperazone and moxalactam were slightly more active by weight than ceftazidime versus Enterobacter spp., but against other Gram-negative bacilli ceftazidime was similar or more potent. Additionally, 72 clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group were tested against ceftazidime, cefoperazone, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, and cefoxitin. Against these organisms cefoxitin and ceftizoxime were most active. Ceftazidime demonstrates potent in-vitro activity against Ps. aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae, but it is relatively less active against Bacteroides fragilis group than cefoxitin and ceftizoxime.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008826	Microbial Sensitivity Tests	Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).	Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D002442	Ceftazidime	Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial derived from CEPHALORIDINE and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients.	Ceftazidime Anhydrous,Ceftazidime Pentahydrate,Fortaz,Fortum,GR-20263,LY-139381,Pyridinium, 1-((7-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl)((1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino)acetyl)amino)-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-en-3-yl)methyl)-, inner salt, pentahydrate, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-,Tazidime,GR 20263,GR20263,LY 139381,LY139381
D003470	Culture Media	Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.	Media, Culture
D006090	Gram-Negative Bacteria	Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method.	Gram Negative Bacteria
D000900	Anti-Bacterial Agents	Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.	Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D001420	Bacteria, Aerobic	Bacteria which require oxygen in order to grow and survive.	Aerobic Bacteria
D001441	Bacteroides fragilis	Gram-negative bacteria occurring in the lower intestinal tracts of man and other animals. It is the most common species of anaerobic bacteria isolated from human soft tissue infections.