Nitrification of ammonium-rich sanitary landfill leachate. 2010

N Yusof, and M A Hassan, and L Y Phang, and M Tabatabaei, and M R Othman, and M Mori, and M Wakisaka, and K Sakai, and Y Shirai
Department of Biological Functions and Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan. norjan@upsi.edu.my

The nitrification of ammonium-rich wastewater is considered challenging due to the substrate inhibition particularly in the form of free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA) in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The feasibility of the nitrifying activated sludge system to completely nitrify synthetic stabilized landfill leachate with N-NH(4)(+) concentration of 1452mg/L was tested in this study. The process started with 0.4kg N-NH(4)(+)/m(3)/day of nitrogen loading rate (NLR) in a fed-batch mode to avoid any accumulation of the FA and FNA in the system followed by increasing the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) gradually. Complete nitrification was achieved with a very high ammonium removal percentage (approximately 100%). The maximum specific and volumetric nitrification rate obtained were 0.49g N-NH(4)(+)/g VSS/day and 3.0kg N-NH(4)(+)/m(3)/day, respectively which were higher than those reported previously for ammonium-rich removal using activated sludge system. The nitrifying sludge exhibited good settling characteristics of up to 36mL/g VSS and a long SRT of more than 53 days which contributed to the success of the nitrification process. The coexistence and syntrophic association of the AOB and NOB was observed by using Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique which supported the results on complete nitrification obtained in the system. These findings would be of prominent importance for further treatment of actual sanitary landfill leachate.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007220 Industrial Waste Worthless, damaged, defective, superfluous or effluent material from industrial operations. Waste, Industrial,Industrial Wastes,Wastes, Industrial
D008855 Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. Scanning Electron Microscopy,Electron Scanning Microscopy,Electron Microscopies, Scanning,Electron Microscopy, Scanning,Electron Scanning Microscopies,Microscopies, Electron Scanning,Microscopies, Scanning Electron,Microscopy, Electron Scanning,Microscopy, Scanning Electron,Scanning Electron Microscopies,Scanning Microscopies, Electron,Scanning Microscopy, Electron
D009573 Nitrites Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M Nitrite
D009584 Nitrogen An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D009608 Nitrous Acid Nitrous acid (HNO2). A weak acid that exists only in solution. It can form water-soluble nitrites and stable esters. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Acid, Nitrous
D009841 Oligonucleotides Polymers made up of a few (2-20) nucleotides. In molecular genetics, they refer to a short sequence synthesized to match a region where a mutation is known to occur, and then used as a probe (OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES). (Dorland, 28th ed) Oligonucleotide
D004867 Equipment Design Methods and patterns of fabricating machines and related hardware. Design, Equipment,Device Design,Medical Device Design,Design, Medical Device,Designs, Medical Device,Device Design, Medical,Device Designs, Medical,Medical Device Designs,Design, Device,Designs, Device,Designs, Equipment,Device Designs,Equipment Designs
D000641 Ammonia A colorless alkaline gas. It is formed in the body during decomposition of organic materials during a large number of metabolically important reactions. Note that the aqueous form of ammonia is referred to as AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE.
D000644 Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. These are distinguished from IMINES which are RN Quaternary Ammonium Compound,Ammonium Compound, Quaternary,Ammonium Compounds, Quaternary,Compound, Quaternary Ammonium
D001419 Bacteria One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive. Eubacteria

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