The information concerning the presence and activity of arboviruses in the Iberian Peninsula is very scanty. In Portugal serological studies have been done with sera from animals, wild birds and human population. The results have shown that some arboviruses have been active in some areas of the territory. West Nile (WN) virus was isolated from mosquitoes and Dhori and Thogoto viruses have been isolated from ticks. In Spain, in spite of the large territory, it's geographical contiguity to Africa and the existence of different kinds of climates and ecologic conditions, the information is reduced to some surveys done in some restricted regions of the country. In both countries African swine fever was frequent and recently African horsesickness has been introduced to Southern Spain. A straight liaison and cooperation among virology laboratories of both countries and also Morocco should be emphasized in order to establish epidemiological surveillance in Southern Europe.