Case report and literature review: HHV-6-associated meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent adult. 2008

Christopher H Trabue, and Karen C Bloch, and James W Myers, and Jonathan P Moorman
Department of Internal Medicine, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University Medical Service, Johnson, TN 37614, USA. trabuec@yahoo.com

Human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) has been well described as an agent of meningoencephalitis in post-haematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients, but is a rare cause of meningoencephalitis in immunocompetent adults. We report an immunocompetent adult with HHV-6-associated meningoencephalitis. The patient was an elderly diabetic man who presented with fever and confusion, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. HHV-6 DNA was amplified from CSF by polymerase chain reaction. In our review of the medical literature we examine clinical presentations, laboratory findings, neuroimaging studies, treatments and clinical outcomes in immunocompetent patients with HHV-6 meningoencephalitis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007121 Immunocompetence The ability of lymphoid cells to mount a humoral or cellular immune response when challenged by antigen. Competence, Immunologic,Immunologic Competence,Immunological Competence,Competence, Immunological
D008297 Male Males
D008590 Meningoencephalitis An inflammatory process involving the brain (ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often produced by pathogenic organisms which invade the central nervous system, and occasionally by toxins, autoimmune disorders, and other conditions. Cerebromeningitis,Encephalomeningitis,Cerebromeningitides,Encephalomeningitides,Meningoencephalitides
D003920 Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D015654 Herpesvirus 6, Human Members of the ROSEOLOVIRUS genus of the Betaherpesvirales subfamily isolated from patients with AIDS and other LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS. It infects and replicates in fresh and established lines of hematopoietic cells and cells of neural origin. It also appears to alter the activity of NK CELLS. HHV-6; (HBLV) antibodies are elevated in patients with AIDS; SJOGREN'S SYNDROME; SARCOIDOSIS; CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME, and certain malignancies. HHV-6A is the most common cause of EXANTHEMA SUBITUM and has been implicated in encephalitis. When HHV-6 integrates into the host genome it is referred to as ciHVH-6. When such VIRUS INTEGRATION occurs into the germline it is referred to as iciHHV-6. HBLV,Herpesvirus 6A, Human,Herpesvirus 6B, Human,Human B-Lymphotropic Virus,Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6,Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6A,Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6B,HHV-6,HHV-6A,HHV-6B,HHV6,HHV6A,HHV6B,Human Herpesvirus 6,Human betaherpesvirus 6,Human betaherpesvirus 6A,Human betaherpesvirus 6B,Inherited Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6,Inherited Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6A,Inherited Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6B,ciHHV-6,ciHHV-6A,ciHHV-6B,ciHHV6,ciHHV6A,ciHHV6B,iciHHV-6,iciHHV-6A,iciHHV-6B,iciHHV6,iciHHV6A,iciHHV6B,B-Lymphotropic Virus, Human,B-Lymphotropic Viruses, Human,Human B Lymphotropic Virus,Human B-Lymphotropic Viruses,Human Herpesvirus 6A,Human Herpesvirus 6B,Human betaherpesvirus 6s
D019349 Roseolovirus Infections Infection with ROSEOLOVIRUS, the most common in humans being EXANTHEMA SUBITUM, a benign disease of infants and young children. Infections, Roseolovirus,Infection, Roseolovirus,Roseolovirus Infection

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