Variability of the forward head posture in healthy community-dwelling older women. 2009

Theresa M Nemmers, and Janice Williams Miller, and Merrillyn D Hartman
School of Physical Therapy, Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Langston University, Langston, OK, USA. tmnemmers@lunet.edu

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to describe the variability of forward head posture in healthy older women, and to investigate the influence of age on variability. METHODS This cross-sectional descriptive study included 187 healthy community-dwelling women volunteers ranging in age from 65-96 years. The forward head posture (FHP) measurement was derived from a sagittal photograph. The subjects were asked to perform a series of standing activities, and the photograph was taken while the subjects were performing these activities. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, FHP measurement analysis for normalcy, one-factor ANOVA with FHP by age group, post-hoc Tukey analysis, and trend analysis for the age-FHP relationship. RESULTS Three age-group normative FHP means were identified: 48.84 degrees (SE 0.97) for the 65-74 year old group, 41.20 degrees (SE 0.78) for the 75-84 year old group, and 35.60 degrees (SE 1.76) for the 85+ year group. Significant differences were found in the FHP between these age groups. A subsequent trend analysis demonstrated a linear relationship between age and the FHP, with older women demonstrating a more severe FHP. CONCLUSIONS Age-associated variability in the FHP of healthy elderly women has been identified. The FHP values determined by this research may serve as normative guidelines for clinicians when conducting postural assessments, and in clinical decision-making regarding possible interventions.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010781 Photography Method of making images on a sensitized surface by exposure to light or other radiant energy. Photographies
D011187 Posture The position or physical attitude of the body. Postures
D005260 Female Females
D006257 Head The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs. Heads
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000367 Age Factors Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time. Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D000369 Aged, 80 and over Persons 80 years of age and older. Oldest Old
D000375 Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. Senescence,Aging, Biological,Biological Aging
D000704 Analysis of Variance A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable. ANOVA,Analysis, Variance,Variance Analysis,Analyses, Variance,Variance Analyses

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