Influence of prestorage incubation on embryonic development, hatchability, and chick quality. 2009

I A M Reijrink, and R Meijerhof, and B Kemp, and E A M Graat, and H van den Brand
HatchTech Incubation Technology B.V., PO Box 256, 3900 AG Veenendaal, the Netherlands. ireijrink@hatchtech.nl

Egg storage longer than 7 d is associated with a delay in hatch time and a decline in hatchability and chick quality. Prestorage incubation is suggested as a method to reduce the negative effects of prolonged storage times by altering the developmental stage of the embryo, but earlier research has shown that prestorage incubation can both be detrimental and beneficial for hatchability. The reason for these ambiguous results is not clear and the effect of prestorage incubation on chick quality is not studied extensively. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in developmental stage of embryos during prestorage incubation and the effect of prestorage incubation on hatchability and chick quality. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment I, eggs were stored for 3, 5, 8, or 12 d. In experiment II, eggs were stored for 5 or 11 d. Half of the eggs was stored immediately at 16 to 18 degrees C and the other half was exposed to prestorage incubation for 6 h in experiment I and for 4.5 h in experiment II. According to the classification table of Eyal-Giladi and Kochav (EG), embryonic development was advanced by prestorage incubation from developmental stage EG11.67 to developmental stage EG13.26 in experiment I (P = 0.02) and from developmental stage EG9.22 to developmental stage EG12.63 in experiment II (P < 0.0001). In experiment I, prestorage incubation reduced hatchability of set eggs from 59.3 to 51.5% when storage time was 12 d but did not reduce hatchability when storage time was 3, 5, or 8 d (interaction P = 0.02). Prestorage incubation increased chick length (P = 0.004). In experiment II, prestorage incubation increased hatchability of fertile eggs from 80.6 to 85.9% when storage time was 11 d but did not increase hatchability when storage time was 5 d (interaction P = 0.0009). Prestorage incubation increased percentage of second grade chicks (P = 0.0007). It seems that storage time, embryonic development at egg collection, and prestorage incubation duration determine the effect of prestorage incubation on hatchability and chick quality.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D010063 Ovum A mature haploid female germ cell extruded from the OVARY at OVULATION. Egg,Egg, Unfertilized,Ova,Eggs, Unfertilized,Unfertilized Egg,Unfertilized Eggs
D011309 Preservation, Biological The process of protecting various samples of biological material. Biological Preservation,Preservation, Biologic,Biologic Preservation
D002642 Chick Embryo The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching. Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D005260 Female Females
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000822 Animal Husbandry The science of breeding, feeding and care of domestic animals; includes housing and nutrition. Animal Husbandries,Husbandries, Animal,Husbandry, Animal
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor

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