Disposition kinetics and tissue residues of danofloxacin in Muscovy ducks. 2009

A Goudah, and S M Mouneir
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Giza, Egypt. aymangouda@yahoo.com

1. The disposition kinetics and plasma availability of danofloxacin in Muscovy ducks after single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral administrations of 5 mg/kg body weight were investigated. 2. Tissue residue profiles (liver, kidney and muscle) and plasma were also studied after multiple intramuscular and oral administration of 5 mg/kg once daily for 5 consecutive days. 3. The concentrations of the drug in the plasma and tissues were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection on samples collected at frequent intervals after drug administration. 4. Following intravenous injection, plasma concentration vs. time curves were best described by a two compartment open model. The decline in plasma drug concentration was bi-exponential with half-lives of (t(1/2alpha)) 0.08 h and (t(1/2beta)) 3.91 h for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. 5. After intramuscular and oral administration of danofloxacin at the same dose the peak plasma concentrations (C(max)) were 0.89 and 0.81 microg/ml and attained at 1.17 and 1.21 h (T(max)), respectively, and the elimination half-lives (T(1/2el)) were 2.91 and 2.39 h, respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 103.21 and 89.26%, following i.m. and oral admisistartion, respectively. In vitro protein binding percent of danofloxacin in Muscovy ducks plasma was 17%. 6. The tissue level following i.m. and oral administration were highest in liver and kidney, respectively, and decreased in the following order: plasma and muscle. No danofloxacin residues were detected in tissues and plasma after 96 h with either route of administration except in liver and kidney, after 120 h in case of oral administration.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007273 Injections, Intramuscular Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it. Intramuscular Injections,Injection, Intramuscular,Intramuscular Injection
D007275 Injections, Intravenous Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes. Intravenous Injections,Injection, Intravenous,Intravenous Injection
D004372 Ducks A water bird in the order Anseriformes (subfamily Anatinae (true ducks)) with a broad blunt bill, short legs, webbed feet, and a waddling gait. Duck
D006207 Half-Life The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity. Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D000284 Administration, Oral The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth. Drug Administration, Oral,Administration, Oral Drug,Oral Administration,Oral Drug Administration,Administrations, Oral,Administrations, Oral Drug,Drug Administrations, Oral,Oral Administrations,Oral Drug Administrations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D001682 Biological Availability The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action. Availability Equivalency,Bioavailability,Physiologic Availability,Availability, Biologic,Availability, Biological,Availability, Physiologic,Biologic Availability,Availabilities, Biologic,Availabilities, Biological,Availabilities, Physiologic,Availability Equivalencies,Bioavailabilities,Biologic Availabilities,Biological Availabilities,Equivalencies, Availability,Equivalency, Availability,Physiologic Availabilities
D014018 Tissue Distribution Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios. Distribution, Tissue,Distributions, Tissue,Tissue Distributions
D024841 Fluoroquinolones A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group. Fluoroquinolone

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