Analysis of free fatty acids in beer: comparison of solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, and stir bar sorptive extraction. 2009

Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Brewing Institute-Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. horak@beerresearch.cz

Solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) using carbowax/divinylbenzen fiber, and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by solvent back extraction have been used for the extraction of free fatty acids (caproic, caprylic, pelargonic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids) from beer. Subsequent gas chromatographic analyses with flame ionization detection were used for the determination of these compounds. Medium-chain fatty acids (caproic-lauric acid) were determined as free acids, and long-chain fatty acids (myristic-linolenic acids) were determined as methyl esters after methylation by BF(3)-methanol 14%. Linearity, recovery, and repeatability of all methods have been determined and compared with the SPE method used as a reference (SPME method was used only for medium-chain fatty acid determination). All three procedures provide similar working parameters characterized by high repeatability (2.3-16.3%) and good linearity (correlation coefficient ranging from 0.9919 to 0.9999). Results of beer analyses obtained by using these three methods were highly correlated. Although all methods provide compatible alternatives, for medium-chain fatty acid analysis SPME may be a more appropriate technique due to its operational simplicity, repeatability, and low cost.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002849 Chromatography, Gas Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix. Chromatography, Gas-Liquid,Gas Chromatography,Chromatographies, Gas,Chromatographies, Gas-Liquid,Chromatography, Gas Liquid,Gas Chromatographies,Gas-Liquid Chromatographies,Gas-Liquid Chromatography
D005227 Fatty Acids Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids
D001515 Beer An alcoholic beverage usually made from malted cereal grain (as barley), flavored with hops, and brewed by slow fermentation. Beers
D052616 Solid Phase Extraction An extraction method that separates analytes using a solid phase and a liquid phase. It is used for preparative sample cleanup before analysis by CHROMATOGRAPHY and other analytical methods. Extraction, Solid Phase,Extractions, Solid Phase,Solid Phase Extractions
D052617 Solid Phase Microextraction A solventless sample preparation method, invented in 1989, that uses a fused silica fiber which is coated with a stationary phase. It is used for sample cleanup before using other analytical methods. Microextraction, Solid Phase,Solid Phase Microextractions

Related Publications

Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
January 2003, Journal of chromatography. A,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
April 2009, Journal of separation science,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
May 2006, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
October 2007, Journal of chromatography. A,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
December 2020, Journal of chromatography. A,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
March 2009, Analytica chimica acta,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
December 2019, Molecules (Basel, Switzerland),
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
January 2002, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
June 2007, Journal of chromatography. A,
Tomás Horák, and Jirí Culík, and Pavel Cejka, and Marie Jurková, and Vladimír Kellner, and Josef Dvorák, and Danusa Hasková
March 2004, Journal of chromatography. A,
Copied contents to your clipboard!