Pathogenicity of low-virulence Marek's disease viruses in normal versus immunologically compromised chickens. 1977

B W Calnek, and J Fabricant, and K A Schat, and K K Murthy

To learn whether "low virulence" isolants of Marek's disease (MD) virus have a low inherent oncogenic potential, 3 isolants (CU-1, CU-2, S-11) were given to genetically susceptible S-strain or P-line birds with or without immunosuppressive treatments. Based on lesion incidence and type during an 8-10-week experimental period, embryonal (17-day) bursectomy and neonatal cyclophosphamide (CY) treatment were without effect on CU-1 and CU-2 infections in P-lines. S-11 virus was virulent for P-lines, and CY treatment reduced MD incidence as reported by others for virulent virus infections. Neonatal thymectomy or infection in ovo (at 8 days of incubation) or use of the more susceptible S-strain chicks all increased the incidence of MD induced by CU-1 and CU-2 viruses. It was concluded that the "low virulence" of these viruses is a reflection of an adequate immune response by the host.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007165 Immunosuppression Therapy Deliberate prevention or diminution of the host's immune response. It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs. Antirejection Therapy,Immunosuppression,Immunosuppressive Therapy,Anti-Rejection Therapy,Therapy, Anti-Rejection,Therapy, Antirejection,Anti Rejection Therapy,Anti-Rejection Therapies,Antirejection Therapies,Immunosuppression Therapies,Immunosuppressions,Immunosuppressive Therapies,Therapies, Immunosuppression,Therapies, Immunosuppressive,Therapy, Immunosuppression,Therapy, Immunosuppressive
D008380 Marek Disease A transmissible viral disease of birds caused by avian herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, GALLID) and other MARDIVIRUS. There is lymphoid cell infiltration or lymphomatous tumor formation in the peripheral nerves and gonads, but may also involve visceral organs, skin, muscle, and the eye. Fowl Paralysis,Marek's Disease,Fowl Paralyses,Mareks Disease,Paralyses, Fowl,Paralysis, Fowl
D008381 Herpesvirus 2, Gallid The type species of the genus MARDIVIRUS in the family HERPESVIRIDAE. It is the etiologic agent of MAREK DISEASE, infecting domestic fowl and wild birds. Fowl Paralysis Virus,Marek's Disease Herpesvirus 1,Marek's Disease Virus Serotype 1,Neurolymphomatosis Virus,Gallid Herpesvirus 2,Herpesvirus 2 (gamma), Gallid,Marek Disease Herpesvirus 1,Fowl Paralysis Viruses,Neurolymphomatosis Viruses,Paralysis Virus, Fowl,Paralysis Viruses, Fowl
D002060 Bursa of Fabricius An epithelial outgrowth of the cloaca in birds similar to the thymus in mammals. It atrophies within 6 months after birth and remains as a fibrous remnant in adult birds. It is composed of lymphoid tissue and prior to involution, is the site of B-lymphocyte maturation. Fabricius Bursa
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003520 Cyclophosphamide Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer. (+,-)-2-(bis(2-Chloroethyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-Oxide Monohydrate,B-518,Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous,Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate,Cyclophosphamide, (R)-Isomer,Cyclophosphamide, (S)-Isomer,Cyclophosphane,Cytophosphan,Cytophosphane,Cytoxan,Endoxan,NSC-26271,Neosar,Procytox,Sendoxan,B 518,B518,NSC 26271,NSC26271
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013934 Thymectomy Surgical removal of the thymus gland. (Dorland, 28th ed) Thymectomies
D014774 Virulence The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS. Pathogenicity

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