Direct inguinal hernias occur in newborn babies, both term and premature. Five cases are reported to illustrate three types of direct hernia. The first is a direct weakness without associated significant indirect hernial sac; the second, a sliding direct hernia. The third might be called a 'secondary' direct weakness resulting from a primarily indirect hernia which assumes such large size and develops such a wide neck at the internal ring that the posterior wall of the inguinal canal is stretched and weakened. This is most likely to occur in very low birthweight babies, who develop giant inguinoscrotal hernias. Full exploration and repair of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal should be performed in such babies with huge indirect hernial sacs and in all babies where the size of the processus vaginalis identified at the internal ring is not consistent with the hernial swelling identified clinically. Repair should be performed in conventional manner with non-absorbable sutures reinforcing the transversalis fascia. Overlying Bassini repair with or without Tanner's slide can be performed. The repair should be carried out before the baby leaves a high dependency area.