Plasma matrix metalloproteinases, cytokines and angiogenic factors in moyamoya disease. 2010

Hyun-Seung Kang, and Jin Hyun Kim, and Ji Hoon Phi, and Young-Yim Kim, and Jeong Eun Kim, and Kyu-Chang Wang, and Byung-Kyu Cho, and Seung-Ki Kim
Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

OBJECTIVE To document the expression patterns of various matrixins, cytokines and angiogenic factors in plasma to assess their involvement in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD). METHODS This study included plasma samples from 20 MMD patients and nine healthy individuals. The plasma concentration of five matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-12), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), resistin, three interleukins (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8), tumour necrosis factor-alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and basic fibroblast growth factor was determined using multianalyte profiling systems. The concentration of the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) was measured using ELISA. Gelatin zymography for MMP-2 and MMP-9 was also performed. RESULTS MMD patients exhibited significantly higher plasma concentrations of MMP-9, MCP-1, IL-1beta, VEGF and PDGF-BB, and lower plasma concentrations of MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 compared with healthy controls. Significant correlations were found among MMP-9, MCP-1, VEGF, PDGF-BB and TIMP-2 in MMD patients. CONCLUSIONS There were distinctive expression patterns of matrixins, cytokines and angiogenic factors in MMD patients, which seemed to correlate with disease pathogenesis. The balance between MMPs and TIMPs was disrupted in MMD and correlated with disease pathogenesis. Increased plasma levels of MCP-1 and VEGF in MMD patients may play a role in the recruitment of vascular progenitor cells and in the formation of collateral vessels.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008222 Lymphokines Soluble protein factors generated by activated lymphocytes that affect other cells, primarily those involved in cellular immunity. Lymphocyte Mediators,Mediators, Lymphocyte
D008297 Male Males
D009072 Moyamoya Disease A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of netlike collateral arteries arising from the CIRCLE OF WILLIS. Cerebral angiogram shows the puff-of-smoke (moyamoya) collaterals at the base of the brain. It is characterized by endothelial HYPERPLASIA and FIBROSIS with thickening of arterial walls. This disease primarily affects children but can also occur in adults. Cerebrovascular Moyamoya Disease,Progressive Intracranial Occlusive Arteropathy (Moyamoya),Moya-Moya Disease,Moyamoya Disease, Classic,Moyamoya Disease, Primary,Moyamoya Disease, Secondary,Moyamoya Syndrome,Classic Moyamoya Disease,Disease, Classic Moyamoya,Disease, Moya-Moya,Disease, Primary Moyamoya,Moya Moya Disease,Moyamoya Diseases, Primary,Primary Moyamoya Disease,Primary Moyamoya Diseases,Secondary Moyamoya Disease
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D014408 Biomarkers, Tumor Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or BODY FLUIDS. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including HORMONES; ANTIGENS; amino and NUCLEIC ACIDS; ENZYMES; POLYAMINES; and specific CELL MEMBRANE PROTEINS and LIPIDS. Biochemical Tumor Marker,Cancer Biomarker,Carcinogen Markers,Markers, Tumor,Metabolite Markers, Neoplasm,Tumor Biomarker,Tumor Marker,Tumor Markers, Biochemical,Tumor Markers, Biological,Biochemical Tumor Markers,Biological Tumor Marker,Biological Tumor Markers,Biomarkers, Cancer,Marker, Biochemical Tumor,Marker, Biologic Tumor,Marker, Biological Tumor,Marker, Neoplasm Metabolite,Marker, Tumor Metabolite,Markers, Biochemical Tumor,Markers, Biological Tumor,Markers, Neoplasm Metabolite,Markers, Tumor Metabolite,Metabolite Markers, Tumor,Neoplasm Metabolite Markers,Tumor Markers, Biologic,Tumor Metabolite Marker,Biologic Tumor Marker,Biologic Tumor Markers,Biomarker, Cancer,Biomarker, Tumor,Cancer Biomarkers,Marker, Tumor,Markers, Biologic Tumor,Markers, Carcinogen,Metabolite Marker, Neoplasm,Metabolite Marker, Tumor,Neoplasm Metabolite Marker,Tumor Biomarkers,Tumor Marker, Biochemical,Tumor Marker, Biologic,Tumor Marker, Biological,Tumor Markers,Tumor Metabolite Markers
D016207 Cytokines Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner. Cytokine
D016222 Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 A single-chain polypeptide growth factor that plays a significant role in the process of WOUND HEALING and is a potent inducer of PHYSIOLOGIC ANGIOGENESIS. Several different forms of the human protein exist ranging from 18-24 kDa in size due to the use of alternative start sites within the fgf-2 gene. It has a 55 percent amino acid residue identity to FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1 and has potent heparin-binding activity. The growth factor is an extremely potent inducer of DNA synthesis in a variety of cell types from mesoderm and neuroectoderm lineages. It was originally named basic fibroblast growth factor based upon its chemical properties and to distinguish it from acidic fibroblast growth factor (FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1). Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor,Fibroblast Growth Factor, Basic,HBGF-2,Cartilage-Derived Growth Factor,Class II Heparin-Binding Growth Factor,FGF-2,FGF2,Fibroblast Growth Factor-2,Heparin-Binding Growth Factor Class II,Prostate Epithelial Cell Growth Factor,Prostatropin,Cartilage Derived Growth Factor,FGF 2
D016228 Endothelial Growth Factors These growth factors are soluble mitogens secreted by a variety of organs. The factors are a mixture of two single chain polypeptides which have affinity to heparin. Their molecular weight are organ and species dependent. They have mitogenic and chemotactic effects and can stimulate endothelial cells to grow and synthesize DNA. The factors are related to both the basic and acidic FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTORS but have different amino acid sequences. Endothelial Cell-Derived Growth Factors,alpha-Endothelial Growth Factor,beta-Endothelial Growth Factor,ECDGF,Endo-GF,Endothelial Growth Factor,Endothelial Growth Factor Polypeptides,Endothelial Cell Derived Growth Factors,Growth Factor, Endothelial,Growth Factor, alpha-Endothelial,Growth Factor, beta-Endothelial,Growth Factors, Endothelial,alpha Endothelial Growth Factor,beta Endothelial Growth Factor

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