Antibacterial and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-neutralising activity of human cationic antimicrobial peptides against periodontopathogens. 2010

Sung-Hoon Lee, and Hye-Kyoung Jun, and Hae-Ri Lee, and Chong-Pyoung Chung, and Bong-Kyu Choi
Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of eight antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), comprising four human beta-defensins (HBDs), three human neutrophil defensins (HNPs) and the cathelicidin LL-37, against two representative periodontopathogens, Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia. The neutralising effect of these AMPs on expression of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. intermedia and T. forsythia was also tested in THP-1 cells and human gingival fibroblasts. Prevotella intermedia was susceptible to HBD-3 and LL-37 but was resistant to HBD-1, HBD-2, HBD-4, HNP-1, HNP-2 and HNP-3 at concentrations up to 10microM. However, all of the AMPs except HNP-2 at 5microM significantly inhibited the expression of IL-1beta, IL-8 and ICAM-1 induced by P. intermedia LPS. Tannerella forsythia showed marked susceptibility to the AMPs tested in the following order: LL-37, HBD-3, HBD-2, HBD-1, HNP-1 and HBD-4. All of the AMPs except HNP-3 had significant neutralising effects on T. forsythia LPS activity. The AMPs showing LPS-neutralising activity inhibited LPS binding to the cells. These results suggest that AMPs may be considered as preventive and therapeutic agents against mixed bacterial infections such as periodontitis by eliminating the pathogens themselves as well as reducing the activity of LPS.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008070 Lipopolysaccharides Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed) Lipopolysaccharide,Lipoglycans
D010510 Periodontal Diseases Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT. Parodontosis,Pyorrhea Alveolaris,Disease, Periodontal,Diseases, Periodontal,Parodontoses,Periodontal Disease
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D041963 Bacteroidetes A phylum of bacteria comprising four classes; Bacteroidia, Cytophagia, Flavobacteriia, and Sphingobacteriia. CFB Group Bacteria,Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Bacteroides Group Bacteria,Cytophagales
D023181 Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides Small cationic peptides that are an important component, in most species, of early innate and induced defenses against invading microbes. In animals they are found on mucosal surfaces, within phagocytic granules, and on the surface of the body. They are also found in insects and plants. Among others, this group includes the DEFENSINS, protegrins, tachyplesins, and thionins. They displace DIVALENT CATIONS from phosphate groups of MEMBRANE LIPIDS leading to disruption of the membrane. Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide,Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides,Cationic Host Defense Peptides,Host Defense Peptide,Microbicidal Cationic Proteins,Amphipathic Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides,Host Defense Peptides,Antimicrobial Peptide, Cationic,Antimicrobial Peptides, Cationic,Cationic Peptides, Antimicrobial,Cationic Proteins, Microbicidal,Defense Peptide, Host,Defense Peptides, Host,Peptide, Cationic Antimicrobial,Peptide, Host Defense,Peptides, Antimicrobial Cationic,Peptides, Cationic Antimicrobial,Peptides, Host Defense,Proteins, Microbicidal Cationic

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