Two-tone auditory suppression in younger and older normal-hearing adults and its relationship to speech perception in noise. 2010

Mitchell S Sommers, and Sara E Gehr
Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, USA. MSommers@wustl.edu

One approach for establishing how age affects psychoacoustic abilities is to compare the performance of young and older adults with normal auditory sensitivity. The present study used this approach to determine if age affects two-tone suppression - a reduction in masked thresholds (henceforth, unmasking) following the introduction of a second (suppressing) tone to a masker-plus-signal stimulus complex. A secondary goal of the study was to assess whether individual differences in suppression would predict identification scores for words presented in a forward masking noise. Unmasking was measured by comparing forward-masked thresholds for a 2000 Hz signal with a tonal (2000 Hz) masker alone or the tonal masker plus a 2300 Hz tonal suppressor. Speech perception in noise was assessed by obtaining forward-masked speech reception thresholds (SRTs) for isolated words presented with speech-shaped noise. Young, but not older, normal-hearing adults exhibited significant amounts of unmasking. Nineteen of the 20 young adults tested exhibited unmasking, whereas less that half of the 25 older participants exhibited any unmasking. The correlation between suppression as indexed by unmasking and SRTs in young adults was approximately -0.6, suggesting that more suppression was associated with lower SRTs. The findings suggest that auditory suppression is one of the few psychoacoustic abilities that demonstrate significant changes with age even for older adults with minimal hearing loss.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009622 Noise Any sound which is unwanted or interferes with HEARING other sounds. Noise Pollution,Noises,Pollution, Noise
D010470 Perceptual Masking The interference of one perceptual stimulus with another causing a decrease or lessening in perceptual effectiveness. Masking, Perceptual,Maskings, Perceptual,Perceptual Maskings
D011571 Psychoacoustics The science pertaining to the interrelationship of psychologic phenomena and the individual's response to the physical properties of sound. Psychoacoustic
D003463 Cues Signals for an action; that specific portion of a perceptual field or pattern of stimuli to which a subject has learned to respond. Cue
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000161 Acoustic Stimulation Use of sound to elicit a response in the nervous system. Auditory Stimulation,Stimulation, Acoustic,Stimulation, Auditory
D000367 Age Factors Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time. Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age

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