Bone marrow infection caused by Mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. 2010

V Yazisiz, and F Erbasan, and D Inan, and G Ongut, and B K Akkaya, and A Alp, and E Terzioglu
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease with wide range of signs and symptoms. SLE patients have increased infective diathesis, and infections are a very important cause of death in these patients. Infections can sometimes mimic the signs and symptoms of SLE. Thus, it is important to recognize that infection can induce a lupus flare-up or can be difficult to distinguish from a lupus flare-up. We describe a 36-year-old female patient with SLE, who presented with skin lesions and pancytopenia, and clinical manifestations similar to a flare-up of SLE. Bone marrow examination revealed infection with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). The patient had no history or clinical evidence of pulmonary involvement. This patient is the first case of invasive bone marrow MAC infection in SLE. With this unique case, we would like to emphasize that SLE patients can also be infected by non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and that bone marrow examination for tuberculosis as well as for non-tuberculosis mycobacteria should be considered in SLE patients with refractory pancytopenia.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008180 Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. Libman-Sacks Disease,Lupus Erythematosus Disseminatus,Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,Disease, Libman-Sacks,Libman Sacks Disease
D010198 Pancytopenia Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets. Pancytopenias
D001855 Bone Marrow Diseases Diseases involving the BONE MARROW. Bone Marrow Disease,Disease, Bone Marrow,Diseases, Bone Marrow,Marrow Disease, Bone,Marrow Diseases, Bone
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D015269 Mycobacterium avium Complex A complex that includes several strains of M. avium. M. intracellulare is not easily distinguished from M. avium and therefore is included in the complex. These organisms are most frequently found in pulmonary secretions from persons with a tuberculous-like mycobacteriosis. Strains of this complex have also been associated with childhood lymphadenitis and AIDS; M. avium alone causes tuberculosis in a variety of birds and other animals, including pigs. Battey Bacillus,MAIC,Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare,Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex,Mycobacterium intracellulare,Nocardia intracellularis
D015270 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection A nontuberculous infection when occurring in humans. It is characterized by pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, and systemic disease in AIDS patients. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection of birds and swine results in tuberculosis. Mycobacterium intracellulare Infection,Infection, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare,Infection, Mycobacterium intracellulare,Mycobacterium avium intracellulare Infection,Infection, Mycobacterium avium intracellulare,Infections, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare,Infections, Mycobacterium intracellulare,Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infections,Mycobacterium intracellulare Infections

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