Production of uricase (urate oxidase, EC 1.7.3.3) by n-alkane-utilizing Candida tropicalis pK233 was studied. Although the yeast showed very low enzyme productivity under growing conditions on glucose or an n-alkane mixture (C10 to C13) (less than 2 U/g of dry cells), enzyme formation was enhanced markedly in an induction medium consisting of potassium phosphate buffer, MgSO4, uric acid, and an n-alkane mixture (47 U/g of dry cells) or glucose (21 U/g of dry cells). Of the carbon sources tested, the n-alkane mixture was the most suitable for enzyme production. Appropriate aeration also stimulated uricase formation. In addition to uric acid, xanthine, guanine, adenine, and hypoxanthine were also effective for inducing uricase. Under optimum conditions, the maximum yield of the enzyme was 91 U/g of dry cells. Uricase thus induced was localized in the microbodies of the yeast.