The neurotoxic effects of lead are age-related phenomena, which in turn are dependent on nutrition status as well as the presence of other micronutrients. The present study was designed to study the protective effects of selenium on rat pups exposed to lead. The activities of different enzymes in cerebrum and cerebellum regions were estimated following maternal lead neurotoxicity through placenta. The parental animals were exposed to different treatments for 5 weeks prior to gestation and 3 weeks during gestation; that is, animals were exposed for a total period of 8 weeks and rat pups obtained from exposed parents were allowed to survive on their mothers' milk for a period of 1 month, after which they were sacrificed. Activities of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), acetylcholine estrase (AChE), and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase were studied in the cerebrum and cerebellum of the rat pups at 4 weeks of age. A significant reduction in the activity of all the three enzymes-SDH, AChE and Na(+)/K(+) -ATPase-was observed in the lead-treated group, except in the case of AChE, which increased in the case of cerebrum. However, changes in different enzyme activities were less pronounced in the animals that were treated simultaneously with selenium and lead. No pups were delivered to the mothers who were exposed to selenium alone for period of 8 weeks.