Regeneration in crinoids. 2010

Mariko Kondo, and Koji Akasaka
Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science and Center for Marine Biology, The University of Tokyo, 1024 Koajiro, Misaki, Miura, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan. konmari@mmbs.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Regeneration is a biological phenomenon that occurs in a wide range of animals, and is considered to involve different types of cells including those that are considered to be stem cells. Among the echinoderms, which is a phylum with many regenerating members, crinoids (feather stars and sea lilies) are known to possess high potential of regeneration and are able to regenerate most of their organs. In particular, arm regeneration has been studied using the feather star. During regeneration, coelomocytes and amoebocytes originating from the coelomic canal and the brachial nerve, respectively, migrate to the distal wound area and are involved in the regenerative process. A blastema is formed at the regenerating tip and is derived from migratory amoebocytes. On the other hand, migratory coelomocytes contribute to regenerate the coelomic system. Cells proliferate at the blastema, coelomic canals and brachial nerve. Since the migrating cells differentiate into new structures of the arm, they are considered presumably undifferentiated multipotent stem cells. To deepen our understanding of stem cells in general, we may benefit from an approach from a comparative point of view. Further molecular analyses would increase our knowledge of stem cells in crinoids and allow comparative studies to be possible.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008954 Models, Biological Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D009420 Nervous System The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, and plexuses. (Stedman, 26th ed) Nervous Systems,System, Nervous,Systems, Nervous
D012038 Regeneration The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue. Endogenous Regeneration,Regeneration, Endogenous,Regenerations
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D004447 Echinodermata A phylum of the most familiar marine invertebrates. Its class Stelleroidea contains two subclasses, the Asteroidea (the STARFISH or sea stars) and the Ophiuroidea (the brittle stars, also called basket stars and serpent stars). There are 1500 described species of STARFISH found throughout the world. The second class, Echinoidea, contains about 950 species of SEA URCHINS, heart urchins, and sand dollars. A third class, Holothuroidea, comprises about 900 echinoderms known as SEA CUCUMBERS. Echinoderms are used extensively in biological research. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp773-826) Echinodermatas
D005075 Biological Evolution The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics. Evolution, Biological
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013234 Stem Cells Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. Colony-Forming Units,Mother Cells,Progenitor Cells,Colony-Forming Unit,Cell, Mother,Cell, Progenitor,Cell, Stem,Cells, Mother,Cells, Progenitor,Cells, Stem,Colony Forming Unit,Colony Forming Units,Mother Cell,Progenitor Cell,Stem Cell
D049109 Cell Proliferation All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION. Cell Growth in Number,Cellular Proliferation,Cell Multiplication,Cell Number Growth,Growth, Cell Number,Multiplication, Cell,Number Growth, Cell,Proliferation, Cell,Proliferation, Cellular
D019070 Cell Lineage The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo. Cell Lineages,Lineage, Cell,Lineages, Cell

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