Biomaterial Database

Replication of viral RNA by a defective interfering vesicular stomatitis virus particle in the absence of helper virus. 1977

L D Johnson, and R A Lazzarini

The genome of a defective interfering particle (DILT) derived from the heat-resistant strain of vesicular stomatitis virus is expressed in vivo without the assistance of infectious helper virus. The rates of RNA synthesis in the presence of cycloheximide (primary transcription) are the same when infections are with equal numbers of physical particles of DILT or virus. With this treatment, DILT synthesizes only 12-17S mRNAs as characterized by size, polarity, and polyadenylylation. In the absence of cycloheximide, DILT-infected cells produce not only these mRNAs but also a 28S RNA species. This RNA, which represents one half of the viral specific RNA, contains newly synthesized full-length (+) and (-) strand DILT RNA. Both strands are found intracellularly as ribonucleoprotein complexes. Without cycloheximide present, the rate of RNA synthesis by DILT was less than that by virus. This curtailment is most likely due to the inability of DILT to synthesize L protein mRNA. An expanded role for defective interfering particles in infection is discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D003593	Cytoplasm	The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)	Protoplasm,Cytoplasms,Protoplasms
D006378	Helper Viruses	Viruses which enable defective viruses to replicate or to form a protein coat by complementing the missing gene function of the defective (satellite) virus. Helper and satellite may be of the same or different genus.	Helper Virus,Virus, Helper,Viruses, Helper
D012261	Ribonucleoproteins	Complexes of RNA-binding proteins with ribonucleic acids (RNA).	Ribonucleoprotein
D012333	RNA, Messenger	RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.	Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D012367	RNA, Viral	Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.	Viral RNA
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014721	Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus	The type species of VESICULOVIRUS causing a disease symptomatically similar to FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE in cattle, horses, and pigs. It may be transmitted to other species including humans, where it causes influenza-like symptoms.	Vesicular stomatitis-Indiana virus