Zinc increases ciliary beat frequency in a calcium-dependent manner. 2010

Bradford A Woodworth, and Shaoyan Zhang, and Edwin Tamashiro, and Geeta Bhargave, and James N Palmer, and Noam A Cohen
Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. bwoodwo@hotmail.com

BACKGROUND Dynamic regulation of respiratory ciliary beat frequency (CBF) is regulated by fluxes in intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)). P2X receptors (P2XR) are extracellular ATP-gated, Ca(2+)-permeable, nonselective cation channels. Zinc increases intracellular Ca(2+) in a sodium (Na(+))-free environment through activation of P2XR channels. We hypothesize that topical zinc increases CBF in a Ca(2+)-dependent fashion as a result of this mechanism. METHODS The apical surface of mouse sinonasal air-liquid interface cultures were bathed in zinc in a Na(+)-free solution with or without Ca(2+). High-speed digital video imaging captured and analyzed CBF at a sampling rate of 100 frames/s. RESULTS CBF significantly increased fourfold over baseline from 5.99 +/- 3.16 Hz to 22.4 +/- 4.33 Hz in the presence of zinc chloride (50 micromoles) and calcium chloride (3 mM). This effect is abolished in the presence of extracellular Na(+) and was pH dependent. CONCLUSIONS Zinc stimulates CBF in the presence of Ca(2+) likely through activation of P2X receptors. Thus, zinc represents a promising agent for stimulation of mucociliary clearance.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009079 Mucociliary Clearance A non-specific host defense mechanism that removes MUCUS and other material from the LUNGS by ciliary and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands. It is measured in vivo as mucus transfer, ciliary beat frequency, and clearance of radioactive tracers. Mucociliary Transport,Clearance, Mucociliary,Clearances, Mucociliary,Mucociliary Clearances,Mucociliary Transports,Transport, Mucociliary,Transports, Mucociliary
D009300 Nasal Septum The partition separating the two NASAL CAVITIES in the midplane. It is formed by the SEPTAL NASAL CARTILAGE, parts of skull bones (ETHMOID BONE; VOMER), and membranous parts. Nasal Septums,Septum, Nasal,Septums, Nasal
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D002923 Cilia Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Motile Cilia,Motile Cilium,Nodal Cilia,Nodal Cilium,Primary Cilia,Primary Cilium,Cilium,Cilia, Motile,Cilia, Nodal,Cilia, Primary,Cilium, Motile,Cilium, Nodal,Cilium, Primary
D002925 Ciliary Motility Disorders Conditions caused by abnormal CILIA movement in the body, usually causing KARTAGENER SYNDROME, chronic respiratory disorders, chronic SINUSITIS, and chronic OTITIS. Abnormal ciliary beating is likely due to defects in any of the 200 plus ciliary proteins, such as missing motor enzyme DYNEIN arms. Ciliary Dyskinesia,Ciliary Dyskinesia, Primary,Immotile Cilia Syndrome,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia,Ciliary Dyskinesias,Ciliary Motility Disorder,Disorder, Ciliary Motility,Dyskinesia, Ciliary,Dyskinesia, Primary Ciliary,Immotile Cilia Syndromes
D004847 Epithelial Cells Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells. Adenomatous Epithelial Cells,Columnar Glandular Epithelial Cells,Cuboidal Glandular Epithelial Cells,Glandular Epithelial Cells,Squamous Cells,Squamous Epithelial Cells,Transitional Epithelial Cells,Adenomatous Epithelial Cell,Cell, Adenomatous Epithelial,Cell, Epithelial,Cell, Glandular Epithelial,Cell, Squamous,Cell, Squamous Epithelial,Cell, Transitional Epithelial,Cells, Adenomatous Epithelial,Cells, Epithelial,Cells, Glandular Epithelial,Cells, Squamous,Cells, Squamous Epithelial,Cells, Transitional Epithelial,Epithelial Cell,Epithelial Cell, Adenomatous,Epithelial Cell, Glandular,Epithelial Cell, Squamous,Epithelial Cell, Transitional,Epithelial Cells, Adenomatous,Epithelial Cells, Glandular,Epithelial Cells, Squamous,Epithelial Cells, Transitional,Glandular Epithelial Cell,Squamous Cell,Squamous Epithelial Cell,Transitional Epithelial Cell
D006863 Hydrogen-Ion Concentration The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012815 Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted Computer-assisted processing of electric, ultrasonic, or electronic signals to interpret function and activity. Digital Signal Processing,Signal Interpretation, Computer-Assisted,Signal Processing, Digital,Computer-Assisted Signal Interpretation,Computer-Assisted Signal Interpretations,Computer-Assisted Signal Processing,Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Signal,Interpretations, Computer-Assisted Signal,Signal Interpretation, Computer Assisted,Signal Interpretations, Computer-Assisted,Signal Processing, Computer Assisted
D015032 Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.

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