Biomaterial Database

Comparative pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in lactating dairy cows and beef steers following intravenous administration of enrofloxacin. 2010

O R Idowu, and J O Peggins, and R Cullison, and J von Bredow

US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA. olutosin.idowu@fda.hhs.gov

The comparative pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin were investigated in lactating cows and beef steers. The plasma elimination half-life of either enrofloxacin or ciprofloxacin was shorter in cows than in steers. The overall production of ciprofloxacin was slightly higher in steers than in cows (metabolite ratio: 64% and 59%, respectively). There was no significant difference in plasma protein binding of enrofloxacin between cows (percent bound: 59.4%) and steers (percent bound: 60.8%). Ciprofloxacin was more extensively bound to plasma proteins in steers (percent bound: 49.6%) than in cows (percent bound: 33.8%). The steady state volume of distribution of enrofloxacin is comparable in cows (1.55 L/kg) and steers (1.59 L/kg). Within either bovine class, plasma elimination half-life of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are comparable, while plasma protein binding was higher for enrofloxacin than for ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin was more concentrated in milk than enrofloxacin.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007275	Injections, Intravenous	Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.	Intravenous Injections,Injection, Intravenous,Intravenous Injection
D008297	Male		Males
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D001798	Blood Proteins	Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.	Blood Protein,Plasma Protein,Plasma Proteins,Serum Protein,Serum Proteins,Protein, Blood,Protein, Plasma,Protein, Serum,Proteins, Blood,Proteins, Plasma,Proteins, Serum
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002939	Ciprofloxacin	A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.	Bay-09867,Ciprinol,Cipro,Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride,Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Anhydrous,Ciprofloxacin Monohydrochloride Monohydrate,Anhydrous, Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride,Bay 09867,Bay09867,Hydrochloride Anhydrous, Ciprofloxacin,Hydrochloride, Ciprofloxacin,Monohydrate, Ciprofloxacin Monohydrochloride,Monohydrochloride Monohydrate, Ciprofloxacin
D005260	Female		Females
D006207	Half-Life	The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.	Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D000077422	Enrofloxacin	A fluoroquinolone antibacterial and antimycoplasma agent that is used in veterinary practice.	Bay Vp 2674,Bay-Vp-2674,Baytril,Endrofloxicin
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia