Gastrointestinal involvement and manifestations in systemic mastocytosis. 2010

Harry Sokol, and Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, and Catherine Grandpeix-Guyodo, and Danielle Canioni, and Stéphane Barete, and Patrice Dubreuil, and Olivier Lortholary, and Laurent Beaugerie, and Olivier Hermine
Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Université Paris VI, Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France. sokol_harry@yahoo.fr

Mastocytosis is a rare and heterogeneous disease characterized by various biological and clinical features with different prognosis and treatments. The disease is usually divided into 2 categories: a pure cutaneous and a systemic disease. Clinical features can be related to mast cells' mediators release or to pathological mast cells infiltration. The diagnosis of mastocytosis is based on clinical, biological, histological, and molecular international criteria. Among all manifestations of the disease, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common and can significantly impair the quality of life. The aim of this article is to review the data regarding GI involvement in mastocytosis. Articles dealing with clinical, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects of mastocytosis GI tract involvement were searched for using PubMed. GI manifestations in mastocytosis are reviewed. Pathogenesis of GI symptoms in systemic mastocytosis and their treatment are critically discussed. The most frequent GI symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. GI lesions may involve all the digestive tract, from the esophagus to the rectum. The histological diagnosis of GI involvement is difficult. The treatment of GI symptoms aims to prevent and limit mast cells degranulation and/or its consequences and more rarely to control tumoral mast cells infiltration. The high prevalence of GI symptoms in mastocytosis and their important functional impact deserves better characterization and treatment in order to improve patients' quality of life. Diagnosis of mastocytosis GI manifestations should be evoked in the case of unexplained severe GI disorders.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011379 Prognosis A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations. Prognostic Factor,Prognostic Factors,Factor, Prognostic,Factors, Prognostic,Prognoses
D005767 Gastrointestinal Diseases Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Cholera Infantum,Gastrointestinal Disorders,Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders,Gastrointestinal Disorders, Functional,Disease, Gastrointestinal,Diseases, Gastrointestinal,Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder,Gastrointestinal Disease,Gastrointestinal Disorder,Gastrointestinal Disorder, Functional
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D034721 Mastocytosis, Systemic A group of disorders caused by the abnormal proliferation of MAST CELLS in a variety of extracutaneous tissues including bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and gastrointestinal tract. Systemic mastocytosis is commonly seen in adults. These diseases are categorized on the basis of clinical features, pathologic findings, and prognosis. Systemic Mast-Cell Disease,Aggressive Systemic Mastocytosis,Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis,Aggressive Systemic Mastocytoses,Indolent Systemic Mastocytoses,Mast-Cell Disease, Systemic,Mast-Cell Diseases, Systemic,Mastocytoses, Aggressive Systemic,Mastocytoses, Indolent Systemic,Mastocytoses, Systemic,Mastocytosis, Aggressive Systemic,Mastocytosis, Indolent Systemic,Systemic Mast Cell Disease,Systemic Mast-Cell Diseases,Systemic Mastocytoses,Systemic Mastocytoses, Aggressive,Systemic Mastocytoses, Indolent,Systemic Mastocytosis,Systemic Mastocytosis, Aggressive,Systemic Mastocytosis, Indolent

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