Conservative treatment of ureteral stenoses has been possible since the evolution in materials and methods available. We report our experience in 49 cases of ureteral stenoses (1 case with bilateral lesion). The etiology was as follows: 3 cases of tuberculous strictures, 10 late complications of endourological treatment of ureteral stones, 16 stenoses of ureteroenteric anastomoses or bladder reimplantation, 16 after radical pelvic surgery, 5 after external beam radiation therapy. Forty-two cases were treated with balloon dilation or by means of a coaxial dilator; in 7 cases a cold-knife treatment was performed. All patients had a ureteral stent for 40 days. The results were evaluated by IVP, sonography and DTPA renal scan, 6 to 20 months after stent removal. Overall success rate was 56%: it was lower than the 100% rate obtained in a 13 patients group surgically treated. In selected cases of ureteral stenoses, endourological approach should be the first choice treatment because of low morbidity and reduced hospitalization time.