Biomaterial Database

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor genetic polymorphisms and asthma. 2009

N Hizawa

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305 8575, Japan. nhizawa@md.tsukuba.ac.jp

Beta-2-Adrenergic receptors (beta(2)AR) participate in the physiologic responses of the lung, including bronchodilation and bronchoprotection, through mechanisms such as mucociliary clearance, fluid accumulation and mediator release from mast cells and basophils. Thus, these receptors may also play an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma. The gene encoding beta(2)AR (ADRB2) is extremely polymorphic, and studies of this gene improves our understanding of asthma and possibly lead to new methods to prevent, diagnose and treat it. This review summarizes results from various studies on the possible relationship of ADRB2 polymorphisms to asthma and asthma-related phenotypes, including bronchodilator responses to inhaled beta(2)-agonists. At present, it appears that, for asthma, ADRB2 polymorphisms are not aetiologically involved. However, they might affect disease severity and clinical response to both acute and chronic administration of beta(2)-agonists. The development is that by assessing the ADRB2 genotype, it might be possible to predict the clinical course of asthma as well as responsiveness to chronic administration of beta(2)-agonists. Carefully, performed and adequately powered clinical trials continue to be important for achieving those goals.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011110	Polymorphism, Genetic	The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.	Gene Polymorphism,Genetic Polymorphism,Polymorphism (Genetics),Genetic Polymorphisms,Gene Polymorphisms,Polymorphism, Gene,Polymorphisms (Genetics),Polymorphisms, Gene,Polymorphisms, Genetic
D005541	Forced Expiratory Volume	Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity.	Forced Vital Capacity, Timed,Timed Vital Capacity,Vital Capacity, Timed,FEVt,Capacities, Timed Vital,Capacity, Timed Vital,Expiratory Volume, Forced,Expiratory Volumes, Forced,Forced Expiratory Volumes,Timed Vital Capacities,Vital Capacities, Timed,Volume, Forced Expiratory,Volumes, Forced Expiratory
D006239	Haplotypes	The genetic constitution of individuals with respect to one member of a pair of allelic genes, or sets of genes that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together such as those of the MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX.	Haplotype
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001249	Asthma	A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	Asthma, Bronchial,Bronchial Asthma,Asthmas
D017281	Cost of Illness	The personal cost of disease which may be economic, social, or psychological. The cost of illness may be reflected in absenteeism, productivity, response to treatment, peace of mind, or QUALITY OF LIFE. It differs from HEALTH CARE COSTS, the societal cost of providing services related to the delivery of health care.	Burden Of Disease,Burden of Illness,Disease Burden,Disease Costs,Cost of Disease,Cost of Sickness,Costs of Disease,Disease Cost,Economic Burden of Disease,Sickness Cost,Burden Of Diseases,Burden, Disease,Cost, Disease,Disease Burdens,Illness Burden,Illness Burdens,Illness Cost,Illness Costs,Sickness Costs
D058666	Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists	Compounds bind to and activate ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTORS.	Adrenergic beta-2 Agonists,Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonist,Adrenergic beta2-Agonists,Adrenergic beta 2 Agonists,Adrenergic beta 2 Receptor Agonist,Adrenergic beta 2 Receptor Agonists,Adrenergic beta2 Agonists,Agonists, Adrenergic beta-2,beta-2 Agonists, Adrenergic,beta2-Agonists, Adrenergic
D018343	Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2	A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-2 receptors are more sensitive to EPINEPHRINE than to NOREPINEPHRINE and have a high affinity for the agonist TERBUTALINE. They are widespread, with clinically important roles in SKELETAL MUSCLE; LIVER; and vascular, bronchial, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary SMOOTH MUSCLE.	Adrenergic beta-2 Receptors,Receptors, beta-2 Adrenergic,beta-2 Adrenergic Receptors,Adrenergic Receptor, beta-2,Receptor, Adrenergic, beta-2,beta 2 Adrenergic Receptors,Adrenergic Receptor, beta 2,Adrenergic Receptors, beta-2,Adrenergic beta 2 Receptors,Receptor, beta-2 Adrenergic,Receptors, Adrenergic beta-2,Receptors, beta 2 Adrenergic,beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor,beta-2 Receptors, Adrenergic