Cyanide toxicity from acetonitrile-containing false nail remover. 1991

R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
Fresno Regional Poison Control Center, Fresno Community Hospital and Medical Center, CA 93721.

A patient presented without symptoms 30 minutes after ingesting acetonitrile, also known as methylacyanide. He had prompt gastric lavage and activated charcoal administration. Hours later, the onset of clinical toxicity was heralded by mental status abnormalities and vomiting prior to a generalized seizure. Following administration of sodium thiosulfate, the patient made an uneventful recovery. A blood cyanide level drawn shortly after presentation, but reported after the patient had been discharged, documented significant exposure. During hospitalization, cyanide toxicity was inferred from the history of ingestion of acetonitrile, plus a significant absence of venous blood hemoglobin desaturation. Because even small amounts can be harmful and toxicity is delayed, all acetonitrile ingestions should be presumed dangerous. Patients should be observed and repeatedly evaluated for at least 24 hours. In the absence of cyanide level determinations, lethargy, vomiting, seizures, and the lack of normal venous blood hemoglobin desaturation are clues to cyanide toxicity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009262 Nails The thin, horny plates that cover the dorsal surfaces of the distal phalanges of the fingers and toes of primates. Fingernails,Toenails,Fingernail,Nail,Toenail
D011041 Poisoning A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious agent. Poisonings
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D003358 Cosmetics Substances intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions. Included in this definition are skin creams, lotions, perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail polishes, eye and facial makeup preparations, permanent waves, hair colors, toothpastes, and deodorants, as well as any material intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product. (U.S. Food & Drug Administration Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Office of Cosmetics Fact Sheet (web page) Feb 1995) Personal Care Products,Care Product, Personal,Care Products, Personal,Personal Care Product,Product, Personal Care,Products, Personal Care
D003486 Cyanides Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical. Cyanide,Isocyanide,Isocyanides
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000097 Acetonitriles Compounds in which a methyl group is attached to the cyano moiety. Cyanomethane,Cyanomethanes,Ethane Nitriles,Methyl Cyanide,Methyl Cyanides,Cyanide, Methyl,Cyanides, Methyl,Nitriles, Ethane
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

Related Publications

R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
March 1993, The American journal of emergency medicine,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
August 1991, Pediatrics,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
May 1991, The American journal of emergency medicine,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
December 1988, JAMA,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
May 1991, The American journal of emergency medicine,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
April 2007, Archives of disease in childhood,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
May 2012, Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
December 2022, Cureus,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
May 1997, Postgraduate medical journal,
R J Geller, and B R Ekins, and R C Iknoian
March 2002, Analytical chemistry,
Copied contents to your clipboard!