Biomaterial Database

Abacavir/lamivudine fixed-dose combination antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV. 2010

Chad J Achenbach, and Kimberly K Scarsi, and Robert L Murphy

Feinberg School of Medicine and Center for Global Health, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA. c-achenbach@northwestern.edu

In the past 15 years, improvements in the treatment of HIV infection have dramatically reduced morbidity and mortality. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are the backbone of combination antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV. One of the recommended and commonly used therapies in this class is the once-daily fixed-dose combination of abacavir/lamivudine. Clinical studies and practice have shown these drugs to be potent, safe, and easy to use in a variety of settings; however, several recent reports have challenged the safety and efficacy claims among certain patient populations, including those at risk for cardiovascular disease and in those with high viral loads prior to treatment initiation. We reviewed abacavir/lamivudine as a treatment for HIV and discussed limitations of its use due to these controversial issues.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008657	Metabolic Clearance Rate	Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.	Total Body Clearance Rate,Clearance Rate, Metabolic,Clearance Rates, Metabolic,Metabolic Clearance Rates,Rate, Metabolic Clearance,Rates, Metabolic Clearance
D009203	Myocardial Infarction	NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	Cardiovascular Stroke,Heart Attack,Myocardial Infarct,Cardiovascular Strokes,Heart Attacks,Infarct, Myocardial,Infarction, Myocardial,Infarctions, Myocardial,Infarcts, Myocardial,Myocardial Infarctions,Myocardial Infarcts,Stroke, Cardiovascular,Strokes, Cardiovascular
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic
D004338	Drug Combinations	Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.	Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug
D004347	Drug Interactions	The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.	Drug Interaction,Interaction, Drug,Interactions, Drug
D006207	Half-Life	The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.	Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D015224	Dideoxynucleosides	Nucleosides that have two hydroxy groups removed from the sugar moiety. The majority of these compounds have broad-spectrum antiretroviral activity due to their action as antimetabolites. The nucleosides are phosphorylated intracellularly to their 5'-triphosphates and act as chain-terminating inhibitors of viral reverse transcription.	2',3'-Dideoxynucleosides,Dideoxyribonucleosides,ddNus,2',3' Dideoxynucleosides
D015658	HIV Infections	Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	HTLV-III Infections,HTLV-III-LAV Infections,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,HIV Coinfection,Coinfection, HIV,Coinfections, HIV,HIV Coinfections,HIV Infection,HTLV III Infections,HTLV III LAV Infections,HTLV-III Infection,HTLV-III-LAV Infection,Infection, HIV,Infection, HTLV-III,Infection, HTLV-III-LAV,Infections, HIV,Infections, HTLV-III,Infections, HTLV-III-LAV,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human
D019259	Lamivudine	A reverse transcriptase inhibitor and ZALCITABINE analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring. It is used to treat HIV disease.	2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine,2(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 4-amino-1-(2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)-, (2R-cis)-,3TC Lamivudine,Lamivudine, (+)-cis-,Lamivudine, (+-)-trans-,BCH-189,Epivir,GR-109714X,GR109714X,Lamivudine, (2S-cis)-Isomer,2',3' Dideoxy 3' thiacytidine,BCH 189,BCH189,GR 109714X,Lamivudine, 3TC