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Rapid detection of toxic metals in non-crushed oyster shells by portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. 2010

Ju Chou, and Garret Clement, and Bradley Bursavich, and Don Elbers, and Baobao Cao, and Weilie Zhou
Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA. Ju.Chou@selu.edu

The aim of this study was the multi-elemental detection of toxic metals such as lead (Pb) in non-crushed oyster shells by using a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer. A rapid, simultaneous multi-element analytical methodology for non-crushed oyster shells has been developed using a portable XRF which provides a quick, quantitative, non-destructive, and cost-effective mean for assessment of oyster shell contamination from Pb. Pb contamination in oyster shells was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results indicated that Pb is distributed in-homogeneously in contaminated shells. Oyster shells have a lamellar structure that could contribute to the high accumulation of Pb on oyster shells.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007854 Lead A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.
D008145 Louisiana State bounded by Arkansas on the north, by Mississippi on the east, the Gulf of Mexico on the south and Texas on the west.
D010125 Ostreidae A family of marine mollusks in the class BIVALVIA, commonly known as oysters. They have a rough irregular shell closed by a single adductor muscle. Oysters,Oyster
D004784 Environmental Monitoring The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment. Monitoring, Environmental,Environmental Surveillance,Surveillance, Environmental
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012758 Shellfish Aquatic invertebrates belonging to the phylum MOLLUSCA or the subphylum CRUSTACEA, and used as food.
D013052 Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission The spectrometric analysis of fluorescent X-RAYS, i.e. X-rays emitted after bombarding matter with high energy particles such as PROTONS; ELECTRONS; or higher energy X-rays. Identification of ELEMENTS by this technique is based on the specific type of X-rays that are emitted which are characteristic of the specific elements in the material being analyzed. The characteristic X-rays are distinguished and/or quantified by either wavelength dispersive or energy dispersive methods. Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission Spectrometry,Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission Spectrometry,Spectrometry, Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission,Spectrometry, Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission,Spectrometry, X-Ray Fluorescence,X-Ray Emission Spectrometry,X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy,X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy,Particle Induced X Ray Emission Spectrometry,Proton Induced X Ray Emission Spectrometry,Spectrometry, Particle Induced X Ray Emission,Spectrometry, Proton Induced X Ray Emission,Spectrometry, Xray Emission,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy,X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Xray Emission Spectroscopy,Emission Spectrometry, X-Ray,Emission Spectrometry, Xray,Emission Spectroscopy, X-Ray,Emission Spectroscopy, Xray,Energy Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy,Fluorescence Spectrometry, X-Ray,Fluorescence Spectroscopy, X-Ray,Spectrometry, X Ray Emission,Spectrometry, X Ray Fluorescence,Spectroscopy, X-Ray Emission,Spectroscopy, X-Ray Fluorescence,Spectroscopy, Xray Emission,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy,X Ray Emission Spectrometry,X Ray Emission Spectroscopy,X Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopies,Xray Emission Spectrometry
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014018 Tissue Distribution Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios. Distribution, Tissue,Distributions, Tissue,Tissue Distributions

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