Respiratory syncytial virus outbreak defined by rapid screening in a neonatal intensive care unit. 2010

E A Dizdar, and C Aydemir, and O Erdeve, and F N Sari, and S Oguz, and N Uras, and U Dilmen
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health and Education Hospital, Hamamonu, Ankara, Turkey. drevrim@yahoo.com

Palivizumab is currently licensed for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children with chronic lung disease, with a history of preterm birth, or with haemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, but its routine use during outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is not currently recommended. Here we report an outbreak in a NICU detected during a screening trial for RSV infection using a rapid antigen test (Respi-Strip((R))). Eleven preterm infants in our NICU tested positive for RSV during January 2009. Subsequent testing of the remaining infants in the NICU revealed two additional asymptomatic cases. In addition to precautions against cross-infection, palivizumab prophylaxis was administered to the remaining 37 premature infants. Two days after treatment, RSV was detected in two additional infants who had become symptomatic. To our knowledge this is the largest RSV outbreak in a NICU to be identified at an early stage by rapid testing and effectively controlled by infection control measures and palivizumab prophylaxis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007234 Infant, Premature A human infant born before 37 weeks of GESTATION. Neonatal Prematurity,Premature Infants,Preterm Infants,Infant, Preterm,Infants, Premature,Infants, Preterm,Premature Infant,Prematurity, Neonatal,Preterm Infant
D007235 Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.
D007363 Intensive Care Units, Neonatal Hospital units providing continuing surveillance and care to acutely ill newborn infants. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,Neonatal Intensive Care Units,Newborn Intensive Care Unit,Newborn Intensive Care Units,ICU, Neonatal,Neonatal ICU,Newborn ICU,Newborn Intensive Care Units (NICU),ICU, Newborn,ICUs, Neonatal,ICUs, Newborn,Neonatal ICUs,Newborn ICUs
D008297 Male Males
D008403 Mass Screening Organized periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease. Screening,Mass Screenings,Screening, Mass,Screenings,Screenings, Mass
D012136 Respiratory Syncytial Viruses A group of viruses in the PNEUMOVIRUS genus causing respiratory infections in various mammals. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have also been reported. Chimpanzee Coryza Agent,Orthopneumovirus,RSV Respiratory Syncytial Virus,Chimpanzee Coryza Agents,Coryza Agent, Chimpanzee,Orthopneumoviruses,Respiratory Syncytial Virus,Syncytial Virus, Respiratory,Virus, Respiratory Syncytial
D003428 Cross Infection Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution. Hospital Infections,Nosocomial Infections,Health Care Associated Infection,Health Care Associated Infections,Healthcare Associated Infections,Infection, Cross,Infections, Hospital,Infections, Nosocomial,Cross Infections,Healthcare Associated Infection,Hospital Infection,Infection, Healthcare Associated,Infection, Hospital,Infection, Nosocomial,Infections, Cross,Infections, Healthcare Associated,Nosocomial Infection
D004196 Disease Outbreaks Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS. Outbreaks,Infectious Disease Outbreaks,Disease Outbreak,Disease Outbreak, Infectious,Disease Outbreaks, Infectious,Infectious Disease Outbreak,Outbreak, Disease,Outbreak, Infectious Disease,Outbreaks, Disease,Outbreaks, Infectious Disease

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