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Homologous recombination between DNA molecules injected into Xenopus laevis oocyte nuclei is extremely efficient if injected molecules have overlapping homologous ends. Earlier work demonstrated that ends of linear molecules are degraded by a 5'----3' exonuclease activity, yielding 3' tails that participate in recombination. Here, we have characterized intermediates further advanced along the recombination pathway. The intermediates were identified by their unique electrophoretic and kinetic properties. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and hybridization with oligonucleotide probes showed that the intermediates had heteroduplex junctions within their homologous overlaps in which strands ending 3' were full length and those ending 5' were shortened. Additional characterization suggested that these intermediates had formed by the annealing of complementary 3' tails. Annealed junctions made in vitro were rapidly processed to products, indicating that they are on the normal recombination pathway. These results support a nonconservative, single-strand annealing mode of recombination. This recombination mechanism appears to be shared by many organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and mammals.
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
January 1993,
The EMBO journal,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
October 1988,
Experimental cell research,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
October 1994,
Genetics,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
June 1983,
Nucleic acids research,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
December 1992,
Molecular and cellular biology,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
July 1974,
Cell,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
October 1984,
Molecular and cellular biology,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
July 1990,
Mutation research,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
May 1972,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
E Maryon, and
D Carroll
September 1977,
Cell,
