Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is indicated for patients with coronary artery disease in order to relieve symptoms, improve life quality and prolong life. Gradual improvements in operative techniques and perioperative care have made CABG surgery an increasingly common treatment option for those with coronary artery disease. Injury to the myocardium, inflammatory responses due to intraoperative events and potential complications with extracorporeal circulation are primary issues that may negatively impact patient outcomes. This article describes concepts related to the pathophysiology of one patient who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft surgery and offers a single case study to compare clinical findings against established theoretical and empirical knowledge. The individualized nursing intervention for this case is presented and discussed as well.