Biomaterial Database

Regional distribution of prostaglandin-metabolizing enzymes in the mucosa of the human upper gastrointestinal tract. 1978

B M Peskar

The occurrence of three enzymes of prostaglandin metabolism, 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin-dehydrogenase, delta13 -reductase and prostaglandin E-9-keto-reductase was investigated in gastroscopically obtained biopsy specimens of human upper gastrointestinal mucosa. All three enzymes could be found in the mucosa of oesophagus, gastric fundus, corpus and antrum and duodenum. While the specific activity of 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin-dehydrogenase was highest and the specific activity of prostaglandin E-9-keto-reductase was lowest in all regions studied, differences of the specific activities of the enzymes between the regions are remarkably small. These results are discussed with respect to possible functions of endogenous prostaglandins in human gastrointestinal mucosa.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007413	Intestinal Mucosa	Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.	Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D011452	15-Oxoprostaglandin 13-Reductase	(5Z)-(15S)-11 alpha-Hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprostanoate:NAD(P)+ delta(13)-oxidoreductase. An enzyme active in prostaglandin E and F catabolism. It catalyzes the reduction of the double bond at the 13-14 position of the 15-ketoprostaglandins and uses NADPH as cofactor. EC 1.3.1.48.	Prostaglandin delta-13-Reductase,Prostaglandin-13,14-Reductase,15-Ketoprostaglandin delta 13-Reductase,delta 13-15-Ketoprostaglandin Reductase,delta-13-PG-Reductase,13-15-Ketoprostaglandin Reductase, delta,13-Reductase, 15-Ketoprostaglandin delta,13-Reductase, 15-Oxoprostaglandin,15 Ketoprostaglandin delta 13 Reductase,15 Oxoprostaglandin 13 Reductase,Prostaglandin 13,14 Reductase,Prostaglandin delta 13 Reductase,Reductase, delta 13-15-Ketoprostaglandin,delta 13 15 Ketoprostaglandin Reductase,delta 13 PG Reductase,delta 13-Reductase, 15-Ketoprostaglandin,delta-13-Reductase, Prostaglandin
D011453	Prostaglandins	A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes.	Prostaglandin,Prostanoid,Prostanoids
D011706	Pyloric Antrum	The region between the sharp indentation at the lower third of the STOMACH (incisura angularis) and the junction of the PYLORUS with the DUODENUM. Pyloric antral glands contain mucus-secreting cells and gastrin-secreting endocrine cells (G CELLS).	Antrum, Pyloric,Gastric Antrum,Antrum, Gastric,Antrums, Gastric,Antrums, Pyloric,Gastric Antrums,Pyloric Antrums
D004386	Duodenum	The shortest and widest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE adjacent to the PYLORUS of the STOMACH. It is named for having the length equal to about the width of 12 fingers.	Duodenums
D004947	Esophagus	The muscular membranous segment between the PHARYNX and the STOMACH in the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006911	Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases	Catalyzes reversibly the oxidation of hydroxyl groups of prostaglandins.	Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase,Prostacyclin Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, Hydroxyprostaglandin,Dehydrogenase, Prostacyclin,Dehydrogenases, Hydroxyprostaglandin
D013270	Stomach	An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the ESOPHAGUS and the beginning of the DUODENUM.	Stomachs